NR 302 / NR302 Chapter 18: THORAX AND LUNGS EXAM. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES.

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39. A patient has been admitted to the emergency department for a suspected drug overdose. His respirations are shallow, with an irregular pattern, with a rate of 12 respirations per minute. The nurse... interprets this respiration pattern as which of the following? a. Bradypnea b. Cheyne-Stokes respirations c. Hypoventilation d. Chronic obstructive breathing Rationale: Hypoventilation is characterized by an irregular, shallow pattern, and can be caused by an overdose of narcotics or anesthetics. Bradypnea is slow breathing, with a rate less than 10 respirations per minute. (See Table 18-4 for descriptions of Cheyne-Stokes respirations and chronic obstructive breathing.) 40. A patient with pleuritis has been admitted to the hospital and complains of pain with breathing. What other key assessment finding would the nurse expect to find upon auscultation? a. Stridor b. Friction rub c. Crackles d. Wheezing Rationale: A patient with pleuritis will exhibit a pleural friction rub upon auscultation. This sound is made when the pleurae become inflamed and rub together during respiration. The sound is superficial, coarse, and low-pitched, as if two pieces of leather are being rubbed together. Stridor is associated with croup, acute epiglottitis in children, and foreign body inhalation. Crackles are associated with pneumonia, heart failure, chronic bronchitis, and other diseases (see Table 18-6). Wheezes are associated with diffuse airway obstruction caused by acute asthma or chronic emphysema. [Show less] [Show More]

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