NR 283 /NR283 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 1. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.

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100. Explain how scar tissue could affect the function of the: A. small intestine B. brain C. cornea of the eye D. mouth E. lungs A. Small intestine—scar tissue may cause obstruction by stenosis as ... it shrinks, or adhesions may twist or pull on a loop of intestine. B. Brain—scar tissue is nonfunctional and can block conduction pathways or interfere with the flow of blood or CSF. C. Cornea—scar tissue is not transparent and therefore blocks the passage of light rays, impairing vision. D. Mouth—contractures may develop, preventing normal opening and movement of the mouth, affecting eating, speech, and facial expression. E. Lungs—the bronchi or bronchioles may be narrowed, reducing airflow, and adhesions may impede movement and expansion of the pleural membranes. Because scar tissue is nonelastic, large amounts of it impair expansion and recoil of the lungs. Scar tissue interferes with blood flow. 101. A. explain the rationale for pain and redness accompanying a burn B. explain three reasons why protein levels in the body are low after a major burn A. Pain—chemical mediators irritate nerves; edema results from increased capillary permeability; erythema occurs because of increased blood in the area. B. Over the long term, lower protein levels occur, with protein shifts into tissue and loss in exudates. In addition, protein is in increased demand for repair, but anorexia results in decreased intake, further lowering protein levels. [Show less] [Show More]

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