Module 4: TICA/ IKE. Questions with accurate answers. 100% verified. 2022/2023. Rated A

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Module 4: TICA/ IKE. Questions with accurate answers. 100% verified. 2022/2023. Rated A If you counted 36 chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell, you would expect to see how many chromosomes in the... cells produced at the end of mitosis, and how many chromosomes at the end of meiosis. a) 9; 18 b) 18; 36 c) 36; 18 d) 72; 36 e) 36; 36 - ✔✔c) 36; 18 How many chromosomes are shown below? a) one unreplicated chromosome b) one replicated chromosome c) two unreplicated chromosomes d) two replicated chromosomes - ✔✔b) one replicated chromosome If the image below represented the entire genome of a particular cell, what would the ploidy of that cell be? a) haploid (1N) b) diploid (2N) c) triploid (3N) 4) tetraploid (4N) - ✔✔a) haploid (1N) Prophase chromosomes consist of two replicated sister chromatids joined at a centromere. Each individual sister chromatid contains: a) A single strand of DNA b) A DNA duplex (double-stranded DNA molecule) identical to the other sister chromatid c) A DNA duplex from one parent; its sister chromatid has the homologous DNA duplex from the other parent d) Two DNA duplexes identical to each other e) Two homologous DNA duplexes, one from each parent - ✔✔b) A DNA duplex (double-stranded DNA molecule) identical to the other sister chromatid All of the following are associated with meiosis, except a) crossing over b) duplication of DNA followed by two divisions c) produces gametes d) results in four cells, each identical to the original cell e) homologous chromosomes separating into two cells f) reduction in the chromosome number from diploid to haploid - ✔✔d) results in four cells, each identical to the original cell Meiosis results in the formation of four new nuclei, each with half the chromosomes present in the parental nucleus. Which of the steps takes place in both mitosis and meiosis? a) Alignment of pairs of homologous chromosomes in duplicated form at the metaphase plate. b) Separation of sister chromatids. c) Separation of the homologous chromosomes. d) Synapsis; pairs of homologous chromosomes each consisting of two sister chromatids associate with each other indicating that crossing over has occurred. - ✔✔b) separation of sister chromatids Ploidy of a cell is a) the number of chromosomes b) the number of complete chromosome sets c) half the number of replicated chromosomes d) multiples of each chromosome - ✔✔b) the number of complete chromosome sets Mendel's sweet peas have several traits that are inherited with the simple dominance/recessive pattern. Flowers can be white or purple, where purple is dominant to white. If an AA purple homozygote is mated to an aa white homozygote, where in the Punnett square below will you predict heterozygous offspring? Select the single best answer. a) Box b b) Box d c) Boxes a and d, only. d) Boxes b and c, only. e) Boxes a, b, c, and d. - ✔✔e) Boxes a, b, c, and d. Mendel's laws explain inheritance patterns for simple traits controlled by one gene with only two alleles. Match the law to the biological phenomenon underlying the law. - ✔✔Law of segregation - each gamete carries only one allele for each gene Law of independent assortment - each gamete carries a random collection of alleles for different genes Mendel's laws can be explained by the behavior of chromsomes during meiosis (information that he didn't have at the time). What behavior of chromosomes below explains the law of segregation? a) homologous chromosomes synapse during prophase I b)tetrads align randomly during metaphase I c) homologous chromosomes separate during anaphase I d) replicated chromosomes condense during prophase II e) replicated chromosomes align randomly during metaphase II f) sister chromatids separate during anaphase II - ✔✔homologous chromosomes separate during anaphase I When do meiotic cells become haploid? a) During meiosis I b) During meiosis II - ✔✔a) During meiosis I What causes cells to become haploid during meiosis? a) Separation of sister chromatids b) Separation of homologous chromosomes c) Reduction of DNA content by half d) All of the above e) None of the above - ✔✔b) Separation of homologous chromosomes When Jack Nash produces sperm, the sperm would have which combinations of the HLA-A and HLA-B genes and in what proportions? a) 100% B5-A26 b) 50% B35-A3 & 50% B41-A26 c) 50% B35-B41 & 50% A3-A26 d) 100% B44-A2 & B35-A26 e) 50% B35-A26 & 50% B41-A3 - ✔✔e) 50% B35-A26 & 50% B41-A3 Fanconi anemia is a recessive trait. What can we conclude about the genotypes of Jack and Lisa Nash with respect to the Fanconi anemia trait, from knowing that their daughter Molly has Fanconi anemia? a) Either Jack or Lisa is heterozygous; the other is homozygous normal b) Both Jack and Lisa are heterozygous for this trait c) Both Jack and Lisa are homozygous normal d) Jack is homozygous for Fanconi anemia; Lisa is normal e) We don't have enough information to determine Jack or Lisa's genotype for this trait - ✔✔b) Both Jack and Lisa are heterozygous for this trait White eyes is a recessive X-linked trait in fruit flies. A cross between a white-eyed female fruit fly and a red-eyed male would generate which of the following types of progeny? a) Red-eyed females and white-eyed males b) White-eyed females and red-eyed males c) All red-eyed females and a 50:50 mix of white- and red-eyed males d) All red-eyed males and a 50:50 mix of white- and red-eyed females e) The results cannot be predicted because it depends on whether the female is homozygous or heterozygous - ✔✔a) Red-eyed females and white-eyed males Which of the following is/are true of sex-linked traits? (Select all that apply.) a) A sex-linked trait will only ever affect one gender (only male or only females) b) A sex-linked trait is always due to a gene located on a sex chromosome c) A sex-linked trait is usually not heritable d) A sex-linked trait will only passed from mothers to sons - ✔✔b) A sex-linked trait is always due to a gene located on a sex chromosome Crossing over increases chromosome diversity. At what stage does crossing over occur? (Select all that apply.) a) Interphase b) S phase c) Mitotic Prophase d) Meiotic Prophase I e) Meiotic Metaphase I f) Meiotic Prophase II g) Meiotic Metaphase II - ✔✔d) Meiotic Prophase I Crossing over is most likely to occur between genes which are: a) close together on the same chromosome b) far apart on the same chromosome c) on different chromosomes - ✔✔b) far apart on the same chromosome Drosophila have 4 pairs of homologous chromosomes. Their diploid chrososome number is a) 2n = 2 b) 2n = 4 c) 2n = 8 d) 1n = 2 e) 1n = 4 - ✔✔c) 2n=8 Lin is colorblind, caused by a recessive allele of a gene located on his X chromosome. His parents, wife Sarah, and their daughter Lucy, all have normal vision. Based on this information, what can we conclude? Select all correct answer choices. Hint: draw a Punnett square and a pedigree for this family based on the information you have and the information you're asked to predict. a) Lin's father was color-blind b) Lin's mother must have at least one color-blind allele c) Lucy is heterozygous for the color-blind trait d) Lin will pass on his color-blind allele to approximately half of his sons e) Lin will pass on his color-blind allele to all of his daughters - ✔✔b) Lin's mother must have at least one color-blind allele c) Lucy is heterozygous for the color-blind trait e) Lin will pass on his color-blind allele to all of his daughters Lin is colorblind, caused by a recessive allele of a gene located on his X chromosome. His parents, wife Sarah, and their daughter Lucy, all have normal vision. What is the probability that Lin's sister carries the colourblindness allele? a) 0 b) 1/4 c) 1/2 d) 3/4 e) 1 f) none of these - ✔✔c) 1/2 Lin is colorblind, caused by a recessive allele of a gene located on his X chromosome. His parents, wife Sarah, and their daughter Lucy, all have normal vision. If Lucy has children with a phenotypically normal man, what proportion of their daughters would be expected to have the disease? a) 0 b) /4 c) 1/2 d) 3/4 e) 1 f) none of these - ✔✔a) 0 Lin is colorblind, caused by a recessive allele of a gene located on his X chromosome. His parents, wife Sarah, and their daughter Lucy, all have normal vision. If Lucy has children with a man with normal vision, what proportion of their sons would be expected to be colourblind? a) 0 b) 1/4 c) 1/2 d) 3/4 e) 1 f) none of these - ✔✔c) 1/2 Is it possible for a female to be affected by an X-linked recessive trait? What about a Y-linked trait? a) Yes for both b) Yes for X-linked, No for Y-linked c) No for X-linked, Yes for Y-linked d) No for both e) Cannot be determined - ✔✔b) Yes for X-linked, No for Y-linked White eyes is a recessive X-linked trait in fruit flies. A cross between a white-eyed female fruit fly and a red-eyed male would generate which of the following types of progeny? a) Red-eyed females and white-eyed males b) White-eyed females and red-eyed males c) All red-eyed females and a 50:50 mix of white- and red-eyed males d) All red-eyed males and a 50:50 mix of white- and red-eyed females e) The results cannot be predicted because it depends on whether the female is homozygous or heterozygous - ✔✔a) Red-eyed females and white-eyed males White eyes is a recessive X-linked trait in fruit flies. How could you determine whether a red-eyed female was heterozygous at the white gene? a) Mate her with a male with the recessive allele b) Mate her with a male with the dominant allele c) Mate her with a heterozygous male d) None of the above will be informative - ✔✔a) Mate her with a male with the recessive allele You mate the red-eyed female with a white-eyed male. If she is heterozygous at the white gene, then the F1 would be: a) 50% red-eyed and 50% white-eyed, regardless of gender. b) 50% red-eyed and 50% white-eyed females but only white-eyed males. c) 50% red-eyed and 50% white-eyed females but only red-eyed males. d) All red-eyed heterozygote females and red-eyed males. - ✔✔a) 50% red-eyed and 50% white-eyed, regardless of gender. Drosophila melanogaster (fruit flies) have 3 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex chromosomes. In this species, no crossing over occurs during meiosis in males. Given a male fruit fly that is heterozygous for at least one gene located on each chromosome, how many different sperm genotypes are possible? - ✔✔16 For each chromosome, a sperm can receive one of two different copies. The number of different possible chromosomal combinations (=genotypes) are: 2 (for chr 1) x 2 (for chr 2) x 2 (for chr 3) x 2 (for sex chr) = 16. Genes A and B are unlinked. An individual has genotype AaBb. Which of the following represents a gamete that this individual can make? a) A b) Aa c) Ab d) AaBb e) none of these are gametes that could be made by this individual - ✔✔c) Ab When Mendel crossed true-breeding yellow-seeded and green-seeded pea plants, all the offspring were yellow seeded. If these F1 yellow-seeded plants were crossed to green-seeded plants, what genotypic ratio would be expected? a) 1:1 b) 1:1:1:1 c) 1:2:1 d) 3:1 e) 9:3:3:1 - ✔✔a) 1:1 Carrots have a gene called Fat-root with alleles F and f. F, which is dominant, encodes early development of the carrot root to make a bigger carrot faster, while f encodes later development. At an unlinked gene on the same chromosome, the dominant allele P makes purple carrots, while the absence of P makes orange roots. A true-breeding orange, skinny carrot is crossed to a true-breeding (meaning homozygous for all traits of interest) purple, fat carrot. The resulting F1 offspring are a) true-breeding purple & fat b) purple & fat, but heterozygous (not true-breeding) c) 50% purple & skinny and 50% orange & fat d)25% of each parental and recombinant type e) there is not enough information - ✔✔b) purple [Show More]

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