ATI Med Surg Practice A 2022. Latest Version. Questions with Accurate answers. Graded A+

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has mitral valve disease. Which of following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the disease process? A. "I should call my docto... r if I get a headache." B. "I might develop gastric reflux." C. "I might develop excessive bruising." D. "I should call my doctor if my ankles swell." - ☑☑D. "I should call my doctor if my ankles swell." RAT: Swelling of the ankles can indicate heart failure. The client should report this finding to the provider. A provider might prescribe anticoagulants to prevent thrombus formation on the valve, which can cause excessive bruising for a client who has mitral valve disease. However, excessive bruising is not a direct result of the disease. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about joint protection with a client who has an acute exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Apply cold packs to the inflamed joints. B. Participate in high-impact exercise. C. Carry a hand purse rather than a shoulder bag. D. Sleep on a soft foam mattress. - ☑☑A. Apply cold packs to the inflamed joints. RAT: The nurse should instruct the client to use both warm and cold packs on inflamed joints to decrease pain. A nurse is collecting data from who has hypothyroidism. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse anticipate? A. Blurred vision B. Insomnia C. Bradycardia D. Weight loss - ☑☑C. Bradycardia RAT: The nurse should identify that bradycardia is a manifestation of hypothyroidism that is caused by a decrease in the client's metabolic rate. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with an adolescent child regarding testicular self-examination. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "I will perform the exam before I shower." B. "I will check my testicles every 6 months." C. "I understand that testicular cancer is typically painless." D. "I understand that pea-sized lumps are normal." - ☑☑C. "I understand that testicular cancer is typically painless." RAT: Clients should report a lump that is not painful because testicular cancer is typically painless. Clients should perform a testicular self-examination after a warm shower. Clients should perform a testicular self-examination monthly. A nurse is contributing to the plan of care of a client who is at risk for osteoporosis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include to prevent bone loss? A. Increase fluid intake. B. Encourage range-of-motion exercises. C. Massage bony prominences. D. Encourage weight-bearing exercises. - ☑☑D. Encourage weight-bearing exercises. Weight-bearing exercises, such as walking, can maintain bone mass by reducing bone demineralization, thus helping to prevent osteoporosis. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about management of constipation with a client who has hypothyroidism. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Increase intake of fiber-rich foods. B. Take a laxative every morning. C. Maintain a fluid intake of 1,200 mL/day. D. Limit activity to preserve energy. - ☑☑A. Increase intake of fiber-rich foods. RAT: The nurse should instruct the client to increase the amount of fiber-rich foods in their diet. Dried beans and brown rice are examples of fiber-rich foods. The nurse should instruct the client to increase activity to stimulate the evacuation of stool. A home health nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about preventing complications of peripheral vascular disease. Which of the following statements indicates that the client is adhering to the nurse's instructions? A. "I apply rubbing alcohol to my feet every day to prevent infection." B. "I will wear clean, knee-high wool socks every day to help improve my circulation." C. "I use hot water bottles to keep my feet warm at night." D. "I don't cross my legs anymore." - ☑☑D. "I don't cross my legs anymore." RAT: Clients who have peripheral vascular disease should not cross their legs because it can impede circulation. A nurse observes a client who is lying in bed and experiencing a tonic-clonic seizure. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Lower the side rails of the client's bed. B. Apply wrist restraints to the client. C. Position the client in the semi-Fowler's position. D. Loosen clothing around the client's neck. - ☑☑D. Loosen clothing around the client's neck. RAT: The nurse should loosen clothing around the client's neck to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the caregiver of a client who is terminally ill about manifestations of impending death. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include? A. Incontinence of bowel and bladder B. Increase in heart rate C. Warmness of the skin D. Hypertension - ☑☑A. Incontinence of bowel and bladder RAT: The nurse should inform the caregiver that incontinence of the bowel and bladder is a manifestation of impending death. Other manifestations include hypotension, bradycardia, restlessness, and coolness of the skin. A nurse in an oncology clinic is reinforcing teaching about Mohs surgery with a client who has skin cancer. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Mohs surgery is a horizontal shaving of thin layers of the tumor. Mohs surgery uses liquid nitrogen to destroy the cancerous tissue. Mohs surgery is the preferred treatment for melanoma skin cancer. Mohs surgery is a palliative treatment for metastatic skin cancer. - ☑☑A. Mohs surgery is a horizontal shaving of thin layers of the tumor. RAT: Mohs surgery is performed to treat basal and squamous cell carcinoma. The procedure, which involves a horizontal shaving of thin layers of a tumor, has a high success rate. A nurse is assisting in the plan of care for a client who has had a recent left hemispheric stroke. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan? Observe for impulsive behavior. Approach the client from the right side. Use simple verbal cues when directing tasks. Place the client in low-Fowler's position during meals. - ☑☑Use simple verbal cues when directing tasks. RAT: The nurse should expect a client who had a left hemispheric stroke to manifest some degree of expressive and/or receptive aphasia. Using simple verbal cues will assist the client in understanding spoken communication. A nurse is caring for a client who reports stomatitis. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse make? "Eat soft foods." "Season foods with salt." "Select foods that are low in protein." "Choose foods that are served hot." - ☑☑"Eat soft foods." RAT: The nurse should instruct a client who has stomatitis to eat soft, nonirritating foods to decrease irritation to the oral mucosa. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory result of a client who has chronic kidney failure and is receiving epoetin alfa. The nurse should identify that which of the following laboratory values indicates the treatment is effective? BUN 40 mg/dL Hgb 11 g/dL Urine specific gravity 1.035 Blood glucose 105 mg/dL - ☑☑Hgb 11 g/dL RAT: Epoetin alfa stimulates the production of erythropoietin and red blood cells, resulting in increased hemoglobin levels. Therefore, a hemoglobin level of 11 g/dL indicates the epoetin alfa treatment is effective. A nurse assisting in the care of a client who has manifestations of sepsis. Which of the following provider prescriptions should the nurse implement first? Collect a sputum culture. Administer ceftriaxone by intermittent IV bolus. Initiate oxygen at 4 L/min via nasal cannula. Obtain blood cultures. - ☑☑Initiate oxygen at 4 L/min via nasal cannula. RAT: When using the airway, breathing, circulation approach to client care, the first action the nurse should take is to initiate oxygen. Clients who have manifestations of sepsis are often hypoxic, tachypneic, or have a PaCO2 level less than 32 mm Hg. The nurse should provide supplemental oxygen to keep the client's oxygen saturation levels at 95% or greater, which will maximize the ability of the hemoglobin to support the oxygen needs of the body. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is scheduled for a guaiac fecal occult blood test. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? Do not eat or drink for 6 hr prior to the test. Ensure that the stool specimen is obtained in the morning. Take ibuprofen for mild pain until the test is complete. Avoid eating red meat for 3 days prior to the test. - ☑☑Avoid eating red meat for 3 days prior to the test. RAT: The nurse should instruct the client to avoid eating red meat for 3 days prior to the guaiac fecal occult blood test because this can lead to a false positive result. A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has cirrhosis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include ? "You can take acetaminophen for pain." "Consume a diet that is high in animal protein." "Sleep lying flat on your back." "Consume foods that are low in sodium." - ☑☑"Consume foods that are low in sodium." RAT: The nurse should instruct the client to consume foods that are low in sodium to reduce the development of edema and ascites. A nurse is caring for a client who has a compound fracture of the femur and was placed in balanced suspension skeletal traction 4 days ago. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? [Show More]

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