ENS 304 EXAM 3 FINAL EXAM LATEST GRADED A+

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Which of the following strategies would improve the opportunity for oxygenation to muscle cells during exercise for an individual with an anatomical dead space (ADS) of 150mL? Breath rate = BR; Tidal ... Volume = TV - ANSWER BR = 30 breaths/ Minute TV = 500mL What benefit would be gained if an athlete inhales O2 - rich gas when trying to accelerate his or her recovery times and what other strategy could achieve the same outcome? - ANSWER Increasing alveolar oxygen concentration; deeper tidal volume decreases FRC Calculate the substrate concentration of a sports drink containing 21g of glucose per 8oz (240ml) serving - ANSWER 8.8% What would be the waist to hip ratio and the description of body shape for an individual with a waist measurement of 30 inches and a hip measurement of 36 inches? - ANSWER 0.83; Pear - Shaped Which of the following thermoregulatory mechanisms contributes MOST significantly to the removal of heat from the body during exercise in hot, dry environments? - ANSWER Evaporation Which physical law describes the mechanisms by which gases dissolve in solutions? - ANSWER Henry's Law What would be the waist - to - hip ratio and the description of body shape for an individual with a waist measurement of 36 inches and a hip measurement of 30 inches? - ANSWER 1.20; apple shaped What is the normal internal body temperature range that the human body attempts to maintain? - ANSWER 97 - 100F (36.1 - 37.8C) What temperature does active muscle tissue briefly rise to in hot environments? - ANSWER Hot Environments: Briefly tolerate core temperature rises to 105.8F (41C) or > 107.4F (42C) in active muscle tissue If Karina stands 5'5" (1.65m) and weighs 165 lbs (75kg), what is her BMI score and in what health category does her score fall in? - ANSWER 27.5; Overweight Understanding Fick's Law and the poor diffusion coefficient of oxygen helps explain why pO2 levels across membranes have to be so high in comparison to pCO2 levels for CO2. - ANSWER True The sequence of electrical activity moving through the heart that results in a heart contraction moves from the sinoatrial (SA) node to the AV node bundle, then to the atrioventricular (AV) node, and lastly to the Purkinje fibers. - ANSWER False Calculate the substrate concentration of a sports drink that contains 18g of sucrose per 8oz. (240ml) serving. - ANSWER 7.5% Which of the following proteins offers the highest quality of essential amino acids? - ANSWER Whey isolate Which of these is the best to take immediately after a work out? - ANSWER Whey isolate What percentage of blood is normally distributed to the surface of the skin during low - intensity exercise and how might it change during high intensity exercise? - ANSWER 14 - 15% during low intensity exercise, increasing to 2% during high intensity exercise. What is the change in percentage of blood that is normally distributed to the surface of the skin from low intensity exercise to high intensity exercise? - ANSWER increasing to 2% during intensity exercise Use the following information to determine Jessica's body fat. She is 46, 5'6", 140 lbs., with a triceps skin - fold measurement of 18mm, thigh skin- fold 22mm, and has 106 lbs of fat free mass. - ANSWER 24.3% What physical law defines the inverse relationship between volume and pressure in breathing, and how does this allow air to move INTO the lungs? - ANSWER Boyle's Law; it creates a negative intrapulmonic pressure within the lungs The concentration of the air we breathe in San Diego (sea level) is 20.39% oxygen and 0.03% carbon dioxide, but decreases in concentration at higher altitudes. - ANSWER FALSE Mike (176lbs/80kg) is endurance athlete who trains more than 10 hours a week. He should aim to consume approximately 104 grams of protein each day. - ANSWER TRUE Which thermoregulatory mechanism eliminates MOST of the heat from an adult human body at rest in moderate (normal) environments? - ANSWER Evaporation; conduction and excretion As a measure of lung function, which of the following terms defines the maximal volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximal inspiration? - ANSWER total lung capacity (TLC) Which of the following muscle actions are involved during passive inspiration at rest? - ANSWER Contraction of the diaphragm and external intercostals Mary weighs 146 lbs with 28% body fat and inquires what she would need to weigh in order to drop her body fat to 22%? Calculate her desired body weight. - ANSWER 135 lbs Complete the calculations for Ve and alveolar ventilation using the information provided: Breath Rate = 25 breaths/minute; Tidal Volume = 600 ml/breath; Anatomical Dead Space (ADS) = 200ml - ANSWER Ve = 15 L/minute; Alveolar ventilation = 10 L/minute Which of the following statements reflect the recommended fluid guidelines prior to exercise for an athletic event? - ANSWER Drink water freely 24 hours prior to exercise and consume a minimum of 17 oz. 2 - 3 hours prior to exercise How do the the combination of weight training exercise (incorporating overload) and a diet alter body composition with weight loss? - ANSWER One pound lost: assume 3% of fat free (lean) mass and 97% loss of fat mass How do the combination of cardio and a diet alter body composition with weight loss? - ANSWER One pound lost: assume 22% of fat free (lean) mass and 78% loss of fat mass Which of the following represents the normal pO2 pressures in the alveoli at rest (at sea level) and what would happen to these pressures if one took a deeper breath? - ANSWER pO2 = 100 - 105mm; as tidal volume increase, the O2 concentrations and pO2 in the alveoli increases Which form of protein demonstrates sustained (elevated) levels of BCAAs like leucine in the blood several hours (e.g. 4+ hours) of ingestion? - ANSWER Casein Which provides slow and sustained release of amino acids? BCAAS? - ANSWER Casein BMI scores are generally considered invalid with fit individuals like endurance and strength/power athletes as they almost always fall into the overweight and obese categories. - ANSWER FALSE BMI scores are valid in almost all groups of people including endurance trained men and women and strength/power trained men and women - ANSWER TRUE When exposed to cold environments where the body is forced to preserve heat, which sequence of the thermoregulatory events occur? - ANSWER First = vasoconstriction of vessels near the skin surface, followed by non exercise thermogenesis and then muscular shivering [Show More]

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