BIOLOGY 102-Chapter 45: Hormones and the Endocrine System – Study Guide-2022

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Multiple-Choice Questions 1) All hormones: A) Are produced by endocrine glands. B) Are lipid-soluble molecules. C) Are carried to target cells in the blood. D) Are protein molecules. E) Elicit... the same biological response from all of their target cells. Answer: C Topic: Concept 45.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 2) In a positive-feedback system where hormone A alters the amount of protein X: A) An increase in A always produces an increase in X. B) An increase in X always produces a decrease in A. C) A decrease in A always produces an increase in X. D) A decrease in X always causes a decrease in A. E) It is impossible to predict how A and X affect each other. Answer: A Topic: Concept 45.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 3) Testosterone is an example of a chemical signal that affects the very cells that synthesize it, the neighboring cells in the testis, along with distant cells outside the gonads. Thus, testosterone is an example of: A) An autocrine signal. B) A paracrine signal. C) An endocrine signal. D) Both an autocrine signal and a paracrine signal. E) An autocrine signal, a paracrine signal, and an endocrine signal. Answer: E Topic: Concept 45.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 4) Which category of signal exerts its effects on target cells by binding to membrane-bound receptor proteins? A) Neurohormones. B) Estrogens. C) Androgens. D) Vitamin D. E) Neurohormones, estrogens, androgens, and vitamin D. Answer: A Topic: Concept 45.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 5) A paracrine signal that relaxes smooth muscle cells is: A) Nitric oxide. CONTINUED....... [Show More]

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