University of Maryland, University College BIOLOGY 103 Evolution Quiz Attempt 2 of 2 Started: Score: 87% Points: 130 out of 150

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University of Maryland, University College BIOLOGY 103 Evolution Quiz Attempt 2 of 2 Started: Score: 87% Points: 130 out of 150 Question 1 Points: 10 out of 10 Why does antibiotic resi... stance become more common among bacteria when they are exposed to antibiotics? A The antibiotics cause mutations to occur in individual bacteria. These mutations make the bacteria resistant to the drugs. B Individual bacteria become immune or accustomed to the antibiotics as they are exposed to the drugs. The longer a cell is exposed, the more resistant it becomes. C Bacteria vary in how well they tolerate antibiotics. If a bacterial population is exposed to antibiotics, resistant individuals reproduce better and their frequency increases over time. Question 2 Points: 10 out of 10 A flowering shrub is introduced to North America as an ornamental plant. Beetles that normally feed on a different North American plant species begin to live and feed on the introduced shrub. Their appearance and seasonal schedule begin to shift as they adapt to feeding on the new plant host. Gradually the beetles on the introduced shrub form a distinct species that does not breed with the original source population of beetles. This is an example of ___________. A sympatric speciation B genetic drift C allopatric speciation Question 3 Points: 10 out of 10 New lineages sometimes form when populations are isolated by physical (geographic) barriers. This process is known as _____________. A sexual selection B allopatric speciation C sympatric speciation D natural selection E gene flow Question 4 Points: 10 out of 10 Which of the following is an example of a characteristic under sexual selection? A Antlers on an elk B Antibiotic resistance in bacteria C Fur color in dogs D All of these are Question 5 Points: 10 out of 10 You can group modern birds and Ceratosauria in a clade that does not include Sauropodomorpha A True B False Question 6 Points: 10 out of 10 Microevolution is the result of changes in the: A Gene flow B Gene pool C Genetic drift D Geneology Question 7 Points: 10 out of 10 On a small island far out to sea lives an isolated population of iguanas (lizards). They are greenish brown in color. A bright pink and orange individual is born. It carries a new allele of a gene involved with pigmentation (color pattern). This new allele was probably added to the population through… A gene flow B sexual selection C genetic drift D mutation Question 8 Points: 10 out of 10 Which are homologous features? A similar coloration (white in winter) in various Arctic bird and mammal species B similar overall body shape in creatures that live underwater (streamlining) C similar details of bone shape and arrangement in the vertebrate forelimb D similar hind leg shape in hopping animals (grasshoppers, rabbits, fleas, kangaroos, frogs, etc.) Question 9 Points: 10 out of 10 Which is most likely to be a single gene pool? All of the genes and alleles that are found in… A all of the different species of birds that live in the State of Wisconsin. B the cells of a single bird. C all individuals of a single species of bird (the Piping Plover) along the beaches of the Great Lakes in the Midwestern United States. D all individuals of a widespread species of bird, including individuals living in Asia, Africa, North Question 10 Points: 10 out of 10 Which statement best sums up the modern theory of evolution? A Each major form of life was created less than 10,000 years ago. Since then species have changed somewhat to better suit them to their environment. B Starting from one or a few life forms over 3 billion years ago, life has branched out. As life forms change, they tend to develop traits that aid their survival and reproduction. C Over the past 3 billion years, thousands of different life forms have arisen from non-life. Each one started independently and they have changed in a random way over time. Question 11 Points: 10 out of 10 A biological lineage is a group of ____________ that evolves as an independent unit. A cells B populations C genes D unrelatedspecies E alleles Question 12 Points: 0 out of 10 A population of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria infects an individual human being. The allele frequencies in the population change over several weeks as the person is treated with a powerful antibiotic. This is a good example of… A microevolution B macroevolution Question 13 Points: 10 out of 10 Worldwide, most adult humans cannot digest lactose (milk sugar) and become sick if they drink milk. When people in Europe and parts of Africa domesticated livestock and began to use milk as a source of food, individuals who could better tolerate lactose were better able to grow, survive, and produce offspring. As a result, alleles for adult lactose tolerance became common in these milkdrinking populations. This is a good example of… A gene flow B natural selection C genetic drift D artificial selection E sexual selection Question 14 Points: 10 out of 10 Which statement is true about Charles Darwin? A He was the first to propose a hypothesis for the origin of life B He was the first to ask questions about the origins of life C He was the first to outline the modern theory of evolution D He was the first to publish the traditional belief of evolution. Question 15 Points: 0 out of 10 The Class Mammalia includes all living species with hair and mammary glands plus related fossil species; it is a complete group containing all of the descendants of a common ancestor that also had these characteristics. Therefore the Class Mammalia is a ____________. A genus B population C clade D species Close Evolution Quiz Attempt 1 of 2 Started: Score: 73% Points: 110 out of 150 Question 1 Points: 10 out of 10 Which is most likely to be a single gene pool? All of the genes and alleles that are found in… D all of the different species of birds that live in the State of Wisconsin. E the cells of a single bird. F all individuals of a widespread species of bird, including individuals living in Asia, Africa, North America, and Australia. G all individuals of a single species of bird (the Piping Plover) along the beaches of the Great Lakes in the Midwestern United States. Question 2 Points: 10 out of 10 What evolutionary response usually occurs in human host populations that have long been affected by a particular disease like malaria? D Humans can learn to better deal with the disease, for example by keeping away from mosquitoes. However, the basic biology of human beings cannot evolve. E The human host becomes more vulnerable to the disease because of the interaction between the host and the parasite. F The human host population evolves to be more resistant to the effects of the disease. Question 3 Points: 10 out of 10 Ideally, in modern biology a taxonomic group such as the Phylum Platyhelminthes (flatworms) is… F a clade that includes all of the descendants of a common ancestor and are united by one or more inherited characteristics. G a collection of unrelated species that share a few key characteristics such as a flat body shape. Question 4 Points: 0 out of 10 Sickle cell anemia is a disorder that results when a person is born homozygous for a certain hemoglobin allele (aa). What is the connection between malaria and sickle cell anemia? E The sickle cell allele protects against malaria in individuals that suffer from sickle cell anemia (aa homozygotes). These individuals reproduce better than average wherever malaria is common. F The sickle cell allele protects against malaria in heterozygotes (Aa). Therefore the allele is very frequent in regions where malaria is common. G The sickle cell allele makes the effects of malaria even worse; therefore it is absent from regions where malaria is common. Question 5 Points: 10 out of 10 New lineages sometimes form when populations are isolated by physical (geographic) barriers. This process is known as _____________. C sympatric speciation D natural selection E allopatric speciation F sexual selection G gene flow Question 6 Points: 0 out of 10 The traits that are favored by natural selection improve an individual’s ability to _______. E survive and grow in a particular environment F attract mates or compete for mating opportunities G meet the standards of human breeders H mutate more rapidly so that future populations can evolve more quickly Question 7 Points: 10 out of 10 Which statement is true about Charles Darwin? F He was the first to outline the modern theory of evolution G He was the first to propose a hypothesis for the origin of life H He was the first to publish the traditional belief of evolution. I He was the first to ask questions about the origins of life Question 8 Points: 0 out of 10 A biological lineage is a group of ____________ that evolves as an independent unit. E genes F alleles G unrelatedspecies H cells I populations Question 9 Points: 10 out of 10 On a small island far out to sea lives an isolated population of iguanas (lizards). They are greenish brown in color. A bright pink and orange individual is born. It carries a new allele of a gene involved with pigmentation (color pattern). This new allele was probably added to the population through… E sexual selection F gene flow G natural selection H genetic drift I mutation Question 10 Points: 10 out of 10 Why does antibiotic resistance become more common among bacteria when they are exposed to antibiotics? D The antibiotics cause mutations to occur in individual bacteria. These mutations make the bacteria resistant to the drugs. E Bacteria vary in how well they tolerate antibiotics. If a bacterial population is exposed to antibiotics, resistant individuals reproduce better and their frequency increases over time. F Individual bacteria become immune or accustomed to the antibiotics as they are exposed to the drugs. The longer a cell is exposed, the more resistant it becomes. Question 11 Points: 10 out of 10 A flowering shrub is introduced to North America as an ornamental plant. Beetles that normally feed on a different North American plant species begin to live and feed on the introduced shrub. Their appearance and seasonal schedule begin to shift as they adapt to feeding on the new plant host. Gradually the beetles on the introduced shrub form a distinct species that does not breed with the original source population of beetles. This is an example of ___________. F sympatric speciation G genetic drift H allopatric speciation Question 12 Points: 10 out of 10 Worldwide, most adult humans cannot digest lactose (milk sugar) and become sick if they drink milk. When people in Europe and parts of Africa domesticated livestock and began to use milk as a source of food, individuals who could better tolerate lactose were better able to grow, survive, and produce offspring. As a result, alleles for adult lactose tolerance became common in these milkdrinking populations. This is a good example of… C gene flow D sexual selection E genetic drift F natural selection G artificial selection Question 13 Points: 0 out of 10 Which of the following is an example of a characteristic under sexual selection? F Antlers on an elk G Antibiotic resistance in bacteria H Fur color in dogs I All of these are Question 14 Points: 10 out of 10 Old world monkeys have prominent tails; apes and humans do not. At what labeled point did this evolutionary event (loss of the tail) occur? E Point 1 F Point 2 G Point 3 Question 15 Points: 10 out of 10 Which are homologous features? E similar coloration (white in winter) in various Arctic bird and mammal species F similar overall body shape in creatures that live underwater (streamlining) G similar details of bone shape and arrangement in the vertebrate forelimb H similar hind leg shape in hopping animals (grasshoppers, rabbits, fleas, kangaroos, frogs, etc.) [Show More]

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