NCLEX Study Notes (61 PAGES)

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CONTENTS INCLUDE: Precautions (A.C.D.S.) Airborn Precautions (Surgical Mask – N95, Private Room) Contact Precautions (Private Room) Droplet Precautions (Private Room) Standard Precautions (Priv... ate Room) Airborn Precautions – Droplet organism very tiny capable of staying in air to infect others. Contact Precautions – organism acquired by touching. Droplet Precautions – large droplet organism infects only within 3-6 feet. Standard Precautions – promotes hand washing and use of PPE (eg mask, eye protection & gown) when appropriate for client. Antipsychotics / Neuroleptics End in “ine” A neuroleptic is used to treat schizophrenia EPS – Extra Pyramidal Symptoms Pseudo Parkinsonian Akathesia – inability to remain motionless (constantly moving) Dystonia – tortion or twisting of body parts. EPS – Extra Pyramidal Symptoms Pseudo Parkinsonian Akathesia – inability to remain motionless (constantly moving) Dystonia – tortion or twisting of body parts. TE: Avoid foods rich in tyramine. Processed foods, cheese except cottage cheese, papayas, bananas, avocados, alcohol. Anti-manic Lithium Given for Bipolar Disease AE: TB Hepatotoxic Rifampin Inh – take with B6 to prevent peripheral neuritis. Pyrazinamide – PZA Elivil Streptomycin – (both nephro and ototoxic) Drugs that turn urine red/orange Dilantin Rifampin Macrodentin Pyridium PPD – Acid Fast Bacilli Test for TB has to be positive 3x. Check results 48-72 hours later. Sx: TB Maculopurulent Sputum (bloody sputum) Hepatotoxic Drugs Signs of Liver Toxicity / Hepatotoxicity Respiratory Drugs Anticholinergics – block parasympathetic nervous response. Beta Receptor Agonist “EROL” ending. Metaperenerol (Alupent) Albuterol (Proventil, Venteril) Levalbuterol (Xopenex) Terbutaline (Brethine) – given to pregnant women to delay labor. Mast Cell Stabilizer Cromylin Sodium (Intal) – Not effective during onset of asthma attack. Maintenance dose for COPD and Asthma. HIV AIDS Viraimmune – take on time “Do Not Skip” AZT “Retrovir” take on empty stomach. Vivacept “use contraceptives” (causes birth deformities) Gancyclovier HIV Test to confirm infection: ELISA – Enzyme Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay – A single reactive result does not confirm alone. Need a second ELISA. Respiratory Ventilators – Causes of Ventilator Alarms Low Pressure Patient stops breathing spontaneously Disconnection or Leak Leak in the vent or patient airway cuff Renal System and Drugs Nephrotoxic Aminoglycosides “Nycin” Dye IV (angiogram) Antifungal Musculoskeletal Drugs 1. Herniated Intervertebrae a. Muscle Relaxants Endocrine Drugs 1. Growth Hormone a. Somotropin 2. Drugs for Hyperthyroidism a. PTU (Propyl thiouracil) = blood dyscrasia Cushing‟s Disease – Diuretics a. Potassium sparring i. Spironolactone ii. Amiloride iii. Triamterene Gastrointestinal -GI 1. Upper and Lower GI Series a. Laxatives 2. EGD, ERCP a. Xylocaine Spray 3. Colonoscopy a. Laxative - Golytely (Mix 4L tap H20 with 1 glass every hour) 4. Cholecystography a. Iapanoic tabs (6 telepaque tabs. 1 tab q 5 min with full glass of water) AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM Consists of the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nerves. Both impulses control internal organs and both are regulated by impulses from the hypothalamus and other parts of the brain. Cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glandular epithelial tissue receive impulses only via the autonomic nervous system. Sympathetic (synonyms) Adrenergic Sympathomimetic Anticholinergic Vagalytic Parasympathetic (synonyms [Show More]

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