MENTAL HEALTH & PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS STUDY GUIDE 2021

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MENTAL HEALTH & PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS STUDY GUIDE 2021 THE BRAIN Functions: Mental disturbances can affect any of these functions of the brain: • Regulation of skeletal muscle contraction; •... Initiation and regulation of basic drives (sex, hunger, thirst, aggression); • Conscious sensation; • Memory; • Mood; • Thought; • Regulation of sleep cycle; • Language Structure: Since all of these brain functions are carried out by similar mechanisms and are often in similar locations, mental disturbances are often associated with alterations in other brain functions as are the drugs used to treat them NERVOUS SYSTEM Sympathetic Dominant division of the autonomic nervous system in stress situations. Norepinephrine is the primary neurotransmitter of the sympathetic nervous system. “Fight or Flight” Effects: • Dilated pupils • Increased salivary flow • Increased heart rate • Constricted arterioles • Dilated bronchi • Decreased digestion and intestinal motility • Decreased urinary bladder activity Parasympathetic Acetylcholine is the primary neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system. “Feed and Breed” or “Rest and Digest” Effects: • Undilated pupils • Decreased salivary flow • Decreased heart rate • Dilated arterioles • Undilated bronchi • Increased digestion and intestinal motility • Increased urinary bladder activity [Show More]

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