oral penicillins

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(i) Oral penicillins Phenoxymethy penicillin • Produced by penicillium chrysogenum • Given orally • fairly well absorbed in GIT • Can be in the form of K+. Known as compocillin or Be... zathine salt known as a pen V suspension • Was the 1st oral penicillin Others – amoxicillin, ampicillin, cloxacillin, flucloxacillin. (ii) To prolong duration of action You can either delay the absorption so that it is absorbed for long hours or delay the elimination. Delay absorption Substition of Na+, K+ with more insoluble salts eg a procaine moiety, benzathine, Benethidine. The absorption is slow for procaine and more slow for Benzathine eg Benzathine penicillin you can have a blood concentration, for 1 wk after a single 1m injection. Procaine penicillin is absorbed slowly. The absorption can be delayed further by formulating it in an oily preparation 3000 iu (aq) - 12-24hrs 3000 iu (oil) - 24-48hrs 3000 iu (oil) + aluminium stearate – 48-96hrs depository preparations When a patient is very sick, you give a penicillin which is absorbed fast then you give another which is absorbed slowly so that the blood concentration, is maintained for a long period. [Show More]

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