Sociology Cumulative Test Q&A Solved 100% Correct

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Using George Herbert Mead's concept of the generalized other, which of the following explanations would you use to explain why a man "streaked" (ran around nude) at NMU's graduation ceremony? a. He... has failed to separate the "I" and the "me." b. He has a keen awareness of the generalized other and simply enjoys soliciting people's reactions. Correct c. He does not fully comprehend the generalized other or the significance of this norm violation. d. His family has not socialized him properly and he has a poorly developed generalized other. - ANSWER B. In terms of how we feel about ourselves, Charles Horton Cooley would argue all of the following EXCEPT: a. Society provides us a "mirror" in which we can observe the reactions of others to our own behavior. b. If we imagine that others think we are fat, even if they do not, it will still affect the way we feel about ourselves. c. We are affected more by how people actually react to our behavior than by how we interpret their reactions. d. Our interpretations of how others see us are more important than the reality of how others see us. - ANSWER C. In an interview, Tiger Woods remarked, "In this country, I am looked at as being black. When I go to Thailand, I am considered Thai. It is very interesting. And when I go to Japan, I'm considered Asian. I don't know why it is, but it just is." Woods' observations speak to the importance of ___________. a. chemistry b. biology c. social and cultural context d. individual choice - ANSWER C. The traditionally English sport of cricket took root in most countries with close cultural ties to England. This an example of successful diffusion, that is, the process by which a cultural item spreads from group to group or society to society. True or False? - ANSWER True. In the reading "The Code of the Street," Elijah Anderson characterizes two types of families residing in Philadelphia's inner city neighborhoods as "decent" and "street." Anderson argues that a major difference between the boys from "decent" and "street" families is that "decent" boys can switch from a civil code of social interaction to the "code of the street" when the situation demands, whereas "street" boys interpret all behaviors according to the "code of the street." True or False? - ANSWER True. Large, formal organizations such as universities typically have many employees who are hierarchically ranked, each has specific job requirements, and there are many formal rules and regulations that they are supposed to follow. The term sociologists use to describe this is: a. mechanical solidarity b. bureaucracy c. means of production d. gerentology - ANSWER B. Which of the following is an example of a person violating a folkway? a. Jenny hadn't studied for her sociology exam, so she copied answers from the student sitting next to her. b. Jessica was bored on a Friday night, so she stole a car to go joyriding. c. Joe killed a bartender in a botched robbery attempt. d. Johnny was eating dinner at a friend's house and openly expressed distaste for the meal being served. - ANSWER D. Sally grew up in the middle class. For school, she volunteered at a soup kitchen and, for the first time, met individuals her own age who had grown up in poverty. Instead of dismissing these individuals as lazy, she sought to understand what social forces worked to shape her life differently from those she met at the soup kitchen. This is an example of the sociological imagination/perspective. True or False? - ANSWER True. A male college student is asked, "How would your life be different if you were a member of the opposite sex?" He replies, "I would not have to appear to be in control of every situation." His response suggests that _____________. a. men (like women) can feel constrained by their gender roles b. he would be more conscious of beauty standards c. he is a "control freak" d. his life would change in negative ways - ANSWER A. The sociological imagination/perspective allows us to see ____________. a. All the statements are correct. b. how people's behavior is largely a response to the conditions under which they live c. how inequalities are created and maintained d. that we are interdependent with others e. how appearances are strategically crafted - ANSWER A. Every year the local high school has a "Cultural Night" in which international students celebrate aspects of their cultures by singing, cooking, or otherwise entertaining visitors. One of the parents of students attending the event this year makes the comment that this is a good thing because it helps their child see how much better our culture is than theirs. This comment is a good example of cultural relativity. True or False? - ANSWER False. When J.T. told Sudhir that the only way that he could understand life in the streets was by "hanging out," Sudhir became convinced that he was on the right track using his multiple-choice surveys. True or False? - ANSWER False. While reading a newspaper, a sociologist sees a photograph of former President George W. Bush holding hands with a Saudi prince. This photograph would prompt the sociologist to ask: a. "Why is handholding between same-sex adults frowned upon in the U.S. and not in cultures such as in Saudi Arabia?" b. "Is Saudi Arabia more tolerant of gays than the United States?" c. "Is President Bush gay?" d. "Oi, what is all this then?!" - ANSWER A. James recently moved to the United States from France. He doesn't understand why Americans follow certain customs, and believes that some American behaviors are strange. James can be said to be ________________. a. Democratic b. Socialistic c. Discriminatory d. Ethnocentric - ANSWER D. Sociologists commonly group sociological theories under three major theoretical perspectives/approaches. Which of the following is NOT one of the three major theoretical perspectives/approaches. a. Functionalist perspective b. Interactionist perspective c. Fresh perspective d. Conflict perspective - ANSWER C. Correlation is a synonym for causation. If two variables are associated with one another, then it means one variable causes the other. True or False? - ANSWER False. Julie is a high school teacher. On the same day she is due to give her students their final exam, her two children become sick. She doesn't know if she should stay home with her children or leave them with a sitter so she can administer the exam. Julie is experiencing ________________. a. Role stress b. Role conflict c. Status stress d. Status overload - ANSWER B. The documentary Sidewalk is based on the ethnographic fieldwork that sociologist Mitchell Dunier conducted for his seminal book also named Sidewalk. True or False? - ANSWER True. Singing The Star Spangled Banner (the U.S. national anthem) is often done at the beginning of sporting events. Given that, which of the following best describe this? a. Cultural relativism b. Counterculture c. Subculture d. Dominant culture - ANSWER D. Dissatisfied with ___________ as a way to study and describe the life of the poor, Sudhir Venkatesh eventually opted for a(n)___________ approach. a. ethnographic research; quantitative b. the interactionist perspective; feminist c. microsociology; macrosociological d. opinion surveys and quantitative methods; ethnographic - ANSWER D. You take a trip to Alaska and find that many Inuit families sleep together naked to stay warm. You find this practice disgusting and cannot understand why they do not consider this incestuous. You are being: a. Discriminatory. b. Morally superior c. Culturally relativistic. d. Ethnocentric. - ANSWER D. A key difference between "decent" and "street" families identified by Elijah Anderson, is that "decent" families tend to have a superficial sense of family and community, whereas "street" families have a strong sense of both family and community. True or False? - ANSWER False. Individuals are fully determined by social life; they are not capable of agency. True or False? - ANSWER False. Achieved statuses are ones that individuals work toward, whereas ascribed statuses are ones that are assigned to individuals by society without regard for unique talents or characteristics. True or False? - ANSWER True. Facebook's 11-year history has taught us that people do not engage in impression management. True or False? - ANSWER False. The British rock band Pink Floyd released the studio album The Wall in 1979. The album included the hit song "Another Brick in the Wall." Below are the lyrics to the song. The question is: what are these lyrics arguing against and what are they arguing for? We don't need no education We don't need no thought control No dark sarcasm in the classroom Teacher leave them kids alone Hey! Teacher! Leave them kids alone! All in all it's just another brick in the wall All in all you're just another brick in the wall a. The song is arguing against bricks and for walls. b. The song is arguing against deviance/difference and for conformity. c. The song is arguing against walls and for bricks. d. The song is arguing against conformity and for deviance/difference. - ANSWER D. Socialization is complete when _________. a. you pass away (die). b. you are born c. you achieve self-actualization [Show More]

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