BTEC IT Level 3 - Unit 1, Questions and answers, 2022/2023.

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BTEC IT Level 3 - Unit 1, Questions and answers, 2022/2023. What is a digital device? - ✔✔Piece of physical equipment that uses digital data, such as by sending, receiving, storing or process... ing it. What 9 types of digital devices are there? - ✔✔1. Personal Computers 2. Mobile Devices 3. Servers 4. Entertainment Systems 5. Navigation Systems 6. Multifunctional Devices 7. Digital Cameras 8. Data capture and Collection Systems 9. Communication devices and systems What is a personal computer? - ✔✔A general-purpose computing device small and cheap enough to be used by individuals. How are PCs able to perform common tasks? - ✔✔By installing a new software application the computer becomes capable of performing a new function. What 3 things do PCs contain? - ✔✔1. Individual processors 2. RAM 3. hard disk components with expansion ports. What additional capabilities can be upgraded on a PC? - ✔✔Replacing hard disk, more storage or adding a graphics card to an expansion port, improves graphics processing power. Give 2 examples of a PC - ✔✔1. Desktop 2. laptop How are PCs used in workplace? - ✔✔Word processing, desktop publishing, spreadsheets, database management systems, creative tasks (music, film editing). How are PCs used in personal lives? - ✔✔Accessing Internet, surfing the web/email, gaming (requires expensive graphics card normally) What is a server? - ✔✔A computer that manages access to different resources and services over a network. How do PCs connect to a server? - ✔✔Via Ethernet cable and WiFi (forming a network) What is the difference between servers and PCs? - ✔✔Contain larger storage capacity, higher processing power and larger amount of memory. Give 4 examples of servers? - ✔✔1. Mail servers 2. web servers 3. print servers 4. file servers How do web servers work? - ✔✔-Web server stores the web page and associated files. -Client computer makes request for a web page to server (by entering URL). -Web server locates correct files and sends back to client. Why are web servers used? - ✔✔To manage access to web pages. Why are mail servers used? - ✔✔To manage access to email How do mail servers work? - ✔✔-When you write an email/press send on PC, goes to outgoing mail server. -This mail server then sends across a network to recipient's mail server and stores in their mailbox. -When recipient logs into their email client the mail server will forward email to their computer. Why are file servers used? - ✔✔To store your files such as word processors and spreadsheets so they are accessible from any computer on the network. Why are print servers used? - ✔✔To share access to a printer. How do print servers work? - ✔✔By using a print server, you can send your files to print from any computer on the network. What is a mobile device? - ✔✔A computing device that is designed to be portable as it is compact, light-weight and capable of running for extended periods on battery power. What key feature helps make mobile devices more compact and reduce power consumption? - ✔✔System-on-a-Chip What is System-on-a-Chip? - ✔✔The core components of the computer are integrated onto a single chip. (CPU, GPU and RAM) What is a disadvantage of System-on-a-Chip? - ✔✔It is hard to upgrade a mobile device as all the components are integrated on the chip. What are 2 examples? - ✔✔1. Tablets 2. smartphones What are uses for mobile device? - ✔✔Accessing internet on the go, playing games, calendars, email access. What is a disadvantage of mobile devices? - ✔✔-They all use touchscreen so are bad for word processing tasks. -Also have limited processing capabilities so are bad for graphic games/film editing. What is an entertainment system? - ✔✔Computing devices that are designed to entertain (watching tv, listening to music, playing video games) Advantages of entertainment systems? - ✔✔-Good hard disk storage for storing tv/films, music and games. -Built in internet connectivity capabilities (WiFi). -Access to streaming and online gaming services. 3 examples of entertainment systems - ✔✔1. Digital media players 2. mp3 players 3. video game consoles What is the use of digital media players? - ✔✔Allows us to stream digital media (films, tv) over a network. What is the use of portable media players? - ✔✔Portable media players download media to device and are played off hard disk. What is the use of MP3 players? - ✔✔Used to access and listen to music on a small portable device. What are MP4 players? - ✔✔They are the same as MP3 players but can watch videos as well. What is the use of video game consoles? - ✔✔Allow you to play video games. Can even use internet to play games online with people globally. What are navigation systems? - ✔✔A digital device that uses GPS (Global Positioning System) to provide a real-time map of our current location, allowing us to plan a route to be directed to a chosen destination. What features do some Navigation systems have? - ✔✔-Identifying traffic, roadworks and accidents that may delay your journey. -Provides an accurate destination time. What is an example of navigation systems? - ✔✔In car satnav What is the use of in car satnav? - ✔✔Used instead of traditional maps to help direct you along the fastest route. Can be integrated directly into car's dashboard but is often standalone. (e.g. TomTom) Why has standalone satnavs been replaced? - ✔✔As navigation systems are now being used in mobile devices for driving, walking, cycling. What is a multifunctional device? - ✔✔A device that is capable of performing more than one specific function. (Also known as MFD and multifunctional peripherals) What are examples of a multifunctional device? - ✔✔Multifunctional printers, touchscreens, force-feedback game controllers. What is a multifunctional printer? - ✔✔A device that usually combines printing, scanning and faxing functions all into a single device. Where are multifunctional printers used? - ✔✔They are popular for use in home offices for people who work from home and do not have the space or money for three separate devices. What are touch screens used for? - ✔✔They are used on tablet devices to allow users to input without a separate keyboard or mouse. What are force-feedback game controllers? - ✔✔They are used on games consoles to allow you to control the game and receive vibration output. Give an example of a vibration output on a games console? - ✔✔rumbling in a car game when you go off track/fighting game when you're hit. What is a digital camera? - ✔✔A device that is capable of taking photo and video and recording it as digital data. How does a digital camera store photos/videos as digital data? - ✔✔By using a grid of photosensors that convert light into digital pixels that our computer can store, usually on a memory card. What is a megapixel? - ✔✔Megapixels is the number of individual pixels of colour that are used to record an image. The more megapixels a camera has... - ✔✔The higher the quality the image is. How many megapixels does a modern digital camera have? - ✔✔20 megapixels What doe most digital camera devices have? - ✔✔They contain a built-in memory card slot to store the digital pictures and videos directly on the digital camera device. What is the benefit of having a removable memory card in a digital camera? - ✔✔It allows you to then transfer them to another device so that they can be stored on a computer and displayed on screen. What are 2 examples of digital cameras? - ✔✔Digital still cameras and digital video cameras. What is a use of a digital camera? - ✔✔You can upload the pictures/videos and share them as well as edit the photos. What does photoshopping mean? - ✔✔The use of a software program that we can use to remove blemishes or perform heavier changes to a photo. What is data capture and collection systems? - ✔✔They input and store data through methods other than direct data entry (such as through a keyboard). The data is entered as a result of a related activity. What does data capture and collection systems allow? - ✔✔The data to be entered into a computer system directly during the data capture stage and so greatly reduces the amount of human error issues that happen when manually entering data. What are 3 examples of data capture and collection systems? - ✔✔1. Barcode scanners 2. Optical mark readers (OMR) 3.Magnetic ink character readers (MICR) Where are barcodes used? - ✔✔On the back of products How do barcode scanners capture data? - ✔✔They capture data by reading the width of dark and light bars. When the barcode is read it matches it to a database of products on the computer and returns information. Where is OMR used? - ✔✔Used in shops for inputting lottery tickets How is OMR used in the lottery? - ✔✔Pre-printed forms like lottery tickets are designed so that when marks are placed on it, the OMR device can detect what numbers you select from the mark's location on the form. What is MICR used for? - ✔✔Verifying that cheques are legititmate How does MICR verify cheques? - ✔✔The magnetised ink is used to write a code on the bottom of the cheque. The MICR device reads the magnetic field of the characters to read the code to ensure it is a legitimate cheque. What are communication devices and systems? - ✔✔A device that is used to move data between two other devices, such as two computers What do communication devices allow? - ✔✔They allow us to transmit data between devices over a network in various ways. What are 3 examples of communication devices and system? - ✔✔Network interface cards (NIC), wireless dongles, routers What is the use of a Network interface card? - ✔✔Allow data to be transferred to and from a networked computer by connecting an ethernet cable. Where are NICs used? - ✔✔Desktop PCs. What is the use of wireless dongles? - ✔✔Allows you to either transfer data to a router wirelessly as part of a local area network or connect to a mobile broadband network. Where are wireless dongles used? - ✔✔Used in laptops. What is the use of a router? - ✔✔Directs data to its correct destination over a large network. When is a router required? - ✔✔Wherever two networks meet. What are the 6 uses of digital devices? - ✔✔1. Education and Training 2. Personal 3. Social 4. Retail 5. Organisational Use 6. Creative Tasks What three categories are there in Education and Training? - ✔✔1. Interactive Whiteboards 2. Virtual Learning Environments (VLE) 3. Online Learning What is the use of interactive whiteboards? - ✔✔Used by teaches to support teaching in front of a class Why are interactive whiteboards multifunctional? - ✔✔They display output on the screen and take input such as when used as a touchscreen to write notes and input commands. Why are interactive whiteboards beneficial? - ✔✔The notes taken can be saved to a central location that can be accessed by students to use outside of school. Where are Virtual Learning Environments used? - ✔✔Used in schools What is a VLE? - ✔✔Like a website that allows teachers to upload resources to the site so that they can share them with students. What benefit is a VLE to a student? - ✔✔They can access their learning at home so can prepare for exams/homework. What benefit is a VLE to a teacher? - ✔✔They can mark the work submitted by students and so students can access feedback whenever. Where is online learning used? - ✔✔Can access the sites through PC or mobile devices What does online learning do? - ✔✔Allows you to access visual content like videos, animation and audio explanations. What type of digital camera is used in online learning? - ✔✔A webcam (videos can be shared online through different sites) What three categories are there for Personal use of digital devices? - ✔✔1. Entertainment 2. Online shopping and banking 3. Home applicances Where do we use entertainment systems? - ✔✔To watch film and TV, listen to music and play video games. What are the advantages of streaming films online? - ✔✔No longer store files on computers saving space on hard disk. Accessing media content is now cheaper. What are digital media players used for? - ✔✔To access streaming on television set. What are video game consoles used for? - ✔✔Allows us to play games online with others without needing to be in the same location. What is a disadvantage of entertainment systems? - ✔✔Piracy now occurs where content (films, music etc.) is illegally transferred over the internet for free. What does online shopping allow us? - ✔✔Allows us to purchase anything and being able to get it delivered the same day. What does online banking allow us? - ✔✔Allows us to manage our finances such as checking our bank statements and transferring money. What is the benefits of online banking and shopping? - ✔✔-You can do it from your home. -Saves time and money -Helpful for people who live in remote locations/ people with disabilities who would find it difficult to get to the high street. What is a use of home appliances? - ✔✔Controlling the central heating system through your smartphone allowing us to turn the heating on or off without being at home. What is the advantages of home appliances? - ✔✔Can help reduce costs and conserve energy. What categories are there for social uses of digital devices? - ✔✔1. Social Networking 2. Instant Messaging 3. VOIP What does social networking allow us to do? - ✔✔-Allows us to create a 'network of friends' where people are able to see our posts. -You can also message people directly through messaging services on the sites. -You can create or join groups and talk about similar interests. What are the disadvantages of social networking? - ✔✔-Can be very distracting and time-consuming which can affect productivity in the work place. -Has also reduced the amount of face-to-face interactions. What does instant messaging allows us to do? - ✔✔Allows us to hold real-time text-based conversations with others. What is an advantage of instant messaging? - ✔✔Messaging is cheaper and allows us to group message. Instant messaging is proprietary meaning... - ✔✔You need the person you are messaging with to have the same Instant Messaging app. What is VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol)? - ✔✔A type of software that allows you to have a real time voice and video conversations. What is an example of VoIP? - ✔✔Skype Why has VoIP become more popular? - ✔✔It gives the ability to have video along with voice and the ability to hold group conversations and being cheaper. What categories are there for retail use of digital devices? - ✔✔1. EPOS 2. Stock Management 3. Retail Website What is EPOS? - ✔✔Electronic Point of Sale is a computerised checkout till. What does EPOS use? - ✔✔It uses digital devices to record sales as well as to take payment for the sales. What are examples of EPOS? - ✔✔Barcode readers, MICR, Contactless payment What is the advantages of EPOS? - ✔✔-Sales process is quicker and more efficient. -Reduction in staff error What is stock management? - ✔✔A database management system that run on servers will connect to the EPOS system. What happens when a product is sold (stock management)? - ✔✔The information is sent through to the server and the database will be updated with new reduced stock level. How can we automatically order stock from our homes? - ✔✔A stock management server can be connected via the internet to the servers at the warehouse. Why do we need less administrative staff if stock managment systems are in place? - ✔✔Stock management automates most of the processes that monitor stock and make orders. Having less administrative staff means... - ✔✔-Business saves money. -Reduces human error. Why do shops have online retail websites? - ✔✔To sell and advertise their products over the internet. What do a business need to run an online website? - ✔✔A web server to host the site. PC to develop the site. What is the benefit of retail websites? - ✔✔-Cheaper than buying a store. -Can sell products to a world wide audience. Make sales 24/7. What 3 categories come under organisational use? - ✔✔1. Administration 2. Video conferencing 3. Design & Manufacturing Why would an organisation use spreadsheets and accounting software? - ✔✔To manage their finances (tracking sales/expenditure/ calculating tax). Why do organisations use word processors, desktop publishers and presentation software? - ✔✔To produce documents they require for their business operation.(producing sales report/ presentations/ brochures) How has digital devices made a business more productive? - ✔✔Less time is spent correcting human error. What does video conferencing software packages allow you to do? - ✔✔Allow you to have voice and video conversation (VoIP). What is video conferencing designed to have? - ✔✔To have multiple people take part in meetings. What added features does video conferencing have? - ✔✔Able to display a presentation. Share documents How does video conferencing benefit businesses? - ✔✔-Saves time and money as employees don't need to travel to the same location. -Helps support employees working from home. Where is CAD software used? - ✔✔Used in construction industry for architectural drawings and manufacturing of parts. Where is CAM controlled machinery used? - ✔✔Produce the objects designed with CAD software. How has design and manufacturing helped businesses? - ✔✔Made them more efficient. What is a benefit of CAD? - ✔✔-Designs can be modified easily if changes are required. -Designs can be sent over email. What is a benefit of CAM? - ✔✔-Machinery can work 24/7. -Reduces human error as task is produced to the same standard each time. What 3 categories come under creative tasks? - ✔✔1. 3D Graphics 2. Photo/video editing 3.Graphic design Why are 3D models being used in movies? - ✔✔It is quicker and changes can be easily made. What has 3D graphics done to video games? - ✔✔Added a new level of realism to video games. What does digital cameras allow you to do? - ✔✔Edit the photos (fixing the lighting or removing objects, red blemishes) What is a disadvantage of photo editing? - ✔✔People in magazines are heavily edited sets expectations to younger generations. What types of graphics and documents use graphic design? - ✔✔Logos, leaflets, magazines, books and comics. What do we use desktop publishing software for? - ✔✔Designing the layout and typesetting (e.g. books) What are advantages of graphic design? - ✔✔-More efficient than manually typesetting. -You can send data to printers quickly. What is a peripheral device? - ✔✔A hardware device that isn't required for the computer to perform its primary function. What are input devices used for? - ✔✔To enter information into a computer system? What 8 input devices are there? - ✔✔1. Keyboard 2. Mouse 3. Microphone 4. Webcam 5. Game controller 6. Sensor 7. Scanner 8. Graphics tablet What is a keyboard? - ✔✔Made up of a panel of keys, this device is used to input alphanumeric characters, symbols and simple commands into a computer. What is a mouse? - ✔✔A pointing device that allows a user to control a cursor on the screen in order to select objects that are displayed. What is a microphone? - ✔✔An audio input device that allows a user to enter sounds into the computer system. What is a webcam? - ✔✔A device used to input digital video or still pictures into a computer system. What is a game controller? - ✔✔Used to control video games, this can come in a gamepad form or in the form of a joystick. What is a sensor? - ✔✔An input device that takes readings from the environment such as temperate or light. What is a scanner? - ✔✔A device that converts documents into digital data so that they can be viewed and edited on a computer system. What is a graphics tablet? - ✔✔A flat board and a pointing device, known as a stylus, that allows a user to enter data much like they're using a pen & paper. What are output devices? - ✔✔Output devices are used to send data from a digital device to a user or another device. What 6 output devices are there? - ✔✔1. Monitor 2. Projector 3. Printer 4. Plotter 5. Speakers 6. Actuator What is a monitor? - ✔✔A device that outputs a visual display of the user interface of any software that is currently being used on the computer. What is a projector? - ✔✔This projects a visual display of the user interface onto a wall or screen. What is a printer? - ✔✔A device that is used to produce physical copies of the documents & images produced using a computer system. What is a plotter? - ✔✔A type of printer that is designed to print out vector graphic images. It typically prints to a very high quality on very large paper. What are speakers? - ✔✔A device that is designed to produce audio output by converting the digital audio signal from a computer into an analogue signal. What is an actuator? - ✔✔An output device that produces motion. We use it to control or move things. What 5 storage devices are there? - ✔✔1. Hard disk drives 2. Solid state drives 3. USB flash drives 4. SD cards 5. Optical disks What form of storage is HDDs? - ✔✔Magnetic How is the data stored on HDDs? - ✔✔Stores the data as a magnetised area that represents a 1 and a demagnetised area that represents a 0. What are the advantages of HDDs? - ✔✔-Offer a big storage capacity at relatively low cost. (terabyte for less than £50) -A reliable storage method as they have long life span. What are the disadvantages of HDDs? - ✔✔-Relatively slow read/write speed compared to SDDs. -Have a number of moving parts so can easily be damaged(risky as portable device) -They are also heavier than alternatives. What form of storage are Solid State Drives? - ✔✔Flash memory How do SSDs store data? - ✔✔-The semiconductor chips can be switched on and off. -On represents a 1 an doff represents a 0. What happens when you turn off the computer with a SSD. - ✔✔It will remember the data. What are the advantages of SSDs? - ✔✔-Have very fast read/write speeds (faster to turn on computer, load programs and save files) -Consume less power than HDDs (useful for laptops) -No moving parts, less likely to be damaged. What are the disadvantages of SDDs? - ✔✔-More expensive than HDDs. (terabyte cost over £200) -Lower storage capacity than HDDs due to high cost -Have a finite number of writes before they no longer work. What form of storage are USB flash drives? - ✔✔Flash memory What are the advantages of USBs? - ✔✔-Portable due to small size, light-weight and easy connectivity. -Durable and reliable as have no moving parts. -USB connector built in to device so highly compatible with devices. What are disadvantages with USBs? - ✔✔-Can be easily lost -Have a finite amount of writes -Compared with HDD/SDD have low storage capacity. What does SD card stand for? - ✔✔Secure Digital Card Where are SD cards used? - ✔✔In digital cameras What are the advantages of SD cards? - ✔✔-Extremely small and portable -Easy to transfer data between devices. -Reliable storage device, less likely to be damaged by knocks. What are the disadvantages of SD cards? - ✔✔-Low storage capacity -A lot of variety which can cause compatibility issues. What form of storage is Optical Disks? - ✔✔Optical storage How does optical storage work? - ✔✔-Uses a laser to mark the disks in a pattern. -Light is bounced of the disk. -Marked areas are pit and represent 0s. -Non-marked areas are lands and represent a 1. What are the advantages of Optical disks? - ✔✔-Most PCs have optical disk drives and so is compatible. -Highly portable (used for distributing software/films) What are the disadvantages of Optical disks? - ✔✔-Small storage capacity (700mb/blu-ray 50GB) -Easily damaged -Work for a finite number of writes. What does manual data processing involve? - ✔✔An individual enters data into the computer. Where would you use manual data processing? - ✔✔-Customer booking systems -Marking exams -Customer satisfaction survey What are examples of automatic data processing? - ✔✔-Optical mark readers -Barcode readers -Smart readers What are 2 disadvantages of Manual Data Processing? - ✔✔1.Human Error 2.Time-consuming What are 2 advantages of manual data processing? - ✔✔1.Complex Data (Harder for automated system) 2.Reduced training What are 2 advantages of automatic data processing? - ✔✔1.Accuracy 2.Time&cost [Show More]

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