MSW Final Exam / Master of Social Work Final test; answered latest 2022, A+ guide.

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MSW Final Exam_ Solved Guide_2022 When did the American Society of Civil Engineers first publish guidelines for sanitary landfills? Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899 Clean Air Act of 1970 R... esource Conservation and Recover Act of 1976 (RCRA) Explain the difference between planned and unplanned reuse and what these scenarios entail for Amazon's shipping boxes. Explain how Amazon and the consumer have to change their habits. Europium is a rare Earth element, name a common device that contains this rare Earth element. Explain briefly why sampling procedure and sample size are important in characterizing MSW. Which of the following is NOT a specification included in proximate analysis of MSW? - A.) Moisture Content B.) Hydrogen Content C.) Volatile Matter Content D.) Noncombustible Content In 2 paragraphs, explain why glass recycling has seen a recent decline in the US and why is production of glass bottles from new raw material more economic than used glass? What is the largest component of MSW collection cost? - A.) Human Labor B.) Landfill Tipping Fees C.) Fuel D.) None of the Above Describe what happens at a transfer station and how can MSW collection be more efficient here? Which statements are correct guidelines for efficient garbage truck routing? What type of curbside collection system/truck configuration would be most efficient for a private hauler that services suburban neighborhoods and small businesses? Why are first-in/first-out storage methods necessary for processing MSW? Aside from belt conveyors, list other types of conveyors. Which type of machine is useful for size reduction of separated plastics to prepare them for shipment? - A.) Hammer Mill B.) Roll Crusher C.) Tub Grinder D.) Granulator Give two reasons why non recyclable material might be shredded prior to disposal? Rittinger's Law is shown below (E=C[(1/v2)-(1/v1)]). What is "energy" in this equation referring to? What is the energy conceptually proportional to in this case? Describe the procedure for obtaining the raw data using sieve trays and how that data is used to calculate cumulative percent passing. Characteristic Size - The size at which 63.2% of mass will pass through for a particular sample [(1- (1/e)) x 100] T/F: Smaller items that pass through the screens of a trammel screen are known as the extract. The optimal speed for _________ is approximately 1/2 the critical speed of a trommel screen. - A.) Cataracting B.) Cascading C.) Catapulting D.) Centrifuging Small, poorly settleable particles are often removed from air streams (such as the outlet stream of an air classifier) using: - A.) Electrostatic Separators B.) Membranes C.) UV Irradiation D.) Cyclones T/F: Eddy Current Separators us an alternating magnetic field to induce electrical current flow in conductive material. During anaerobic degradation of organic matter in a digester, nitrogen in food waste is primarily converted to: - A.) NO2- B.) NO3- C.) NH3/NH4+ D.) HNO2 Circle the true statements about composting: - - Composting is most economical when done using source-separated food or agricultural waste T/F: The requirement for accumulated leachate head to not exceed 30 cm is an example of a design standard. - False (It's a performance standard) Match each characteristic with its phase in the landfill. What is the typical range of COD in new landfills? - A.) 3-60 mg/L B.) 30-600 mg/L C.) 300-6000 mg/L D.) 3000-60000 mg/L T/F: Trickling filters are a more suitable option for leachate treatment than activated sludge. - Activated sludge: biosolids settle poorly & ammonia is toxic, requiring high energy demand T/F: Coagulation, Flocculation, and Sedimentation are NOT useful for COD removal. T/F: At high concentrations, ammonia can be removed via precipitation. T/F: Ultraviolet disinfection is increasingly popular for onsite treatment of leachate. T/F: Advanced oxidation is a suitable alternative to biological processes, providing effective removal of COD. The layer of deposited MSW in a landfill from one day of disposal, combined with its daily over is known as a(n): - A.) Intermediate Cover B.) Lift C.) Daily Cell D.) Composite Liner An advantage of excavated cell landfills over area landfills is: - A.) The excavated earth can be used as daily cover B.) The leachate collection system is further away from the water table C.) Naturally existing canyons and slopes are exploited for lower construction costs D.) Siting them is easier because they take up less area Aside from Subtitle D landfills, what are the three other categories of landfills recognized by the EPA? Give three potential "fatal flaws" of a proposed landfill site. What two classes of compounds are primarily responsible for the low UV transmittance of leachate? What are three chemical components of landfill gas that must be removed or reduced during purification to pipeline quality gas? Write the equations for purity and recovery of material x in output stream as functions of the masses flow rates (x,y). Describe how a jig separator separates materials based on density rather than terminal settling velocity. To separate based on density, solids or fluids should be accelerated/decelerated CONSTANTLY to prevent the terminal settling velocity from being reached *Density has a larger impact than drag A jig is sloped at the bottom and a plunger separates the more dense material from the less dense material as the water is pulsated by the plunger. The less dense material floats up to the top spills over the barrier Code Switch Optical Sorting: Eddy Current System Electrostatic Separator Trommel Screen Hand Sorting The Darcy Weisbach equation for head loss within a gas collection pipe is given below. Explain what parameters influence the friction factor (f). Describe the procedure for measuring the heating value of a solid waste sample using a bomb calorimeter? Why does a calorimeter need to first be calibrated with a standard first? T/F: According to the EU, energy produced by MSW combustion may be counted 90% renewable. How do the economics of MSW combustion differ from operating conventional power plants? Include the factors that determine profitability. Describe one control technology addressing particulate emissions of combustors. Bottom Ash Fly Ash - Particulates removed from flue gas (Hazardous) Plastic 1 Plastic 2 Plastic 3 Plastic Plastic 5 Plastic 6 Plastic 7 Primary Pollutants Secondary Pollutants Underfire Air Overfire Air Combustion - Advantages Disadvantages: [Show More]

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