SOPHIA HUMAN BIOLOGY FINAL MILESTONE Questions /Answers Verified Answers

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SOPHIA HUMAN BIOLOGY FINAL MILESTONE 1 Which of these is true about a clone? • It is a white blood cell infected by a virus. • It is a type of cancerous stem cell. • It is a genetic copy o... f a cell. • It is a hybrid version of two different cell types. CONCEPT DNA Technology and Research 2 Which part of the kidney does the actual filtering of the blood? • Renal cortex • Nephrons • Renal medulla • Renal pelvis CONCEPT Kidneys 3 Which of these is TRUE of a neuron at resting potential? • The neuron has more potassium ions inside than outside. • The neuron has more positive charges inside than outside. • Sodium-potassium pumps transport sodium ions into the neuron. • Sodium-potassium pumps transport potassium ions out of the neuron. CONCEPT Membrane Potential and Action Potential 4 What kind of blood pressure exists when the ventricle relaxes? • Hypotension • Systolic • Hypertension • Diastolic CONCEPT Blood Pressure 5 Which of the following is an example of an integrator working to maintain homeostasis? • The brain processes information about blood calcium levels being too high and determines that calcium levels need to be lowered. • Thermoreceptors in your body detect a change in temperature when you walk into an air-conditioned building. • The heart begins pumping faster if blood pressure drops too low. • Muscle cells cause you to shiver in an attempt to raise your body temperature if it is too low. CONCEPT Homeostasis 6 What body part develops from the mesoderm? • Hair • Brain • Lungs • Bones CONCEPT Fertilization and Early Development 7 A gymnast couldn't bend his knees after an accident. His doctors told him that the reason behind this is a tear in the knee muscle. Which of these muscle system disorders best represents the condition of the gymnast's knees? • Muscle strain • Tetanus • Atrophy • Muscular dystrophy CONCEPT Muscle System Disorders 8 Select the correct route of sperm once they are produced. • Testes → Penis → Epididymis → Urethra → Vas deferens → Ejaculatory duct • Testes → Epididymis → Vas deferens → Ejaculatory duct → Urethra → Penis • Penis → Urethra → Ejaculatory duct → Vas deferens → Epididymis →Testes • Penis → Testes → Urethra → Epididymis → Ejaculatory duct → Vas deferens CONCEPT Male Reproductive System 9 Spermatogenesis results in the formation of __________. • four diploid sperm cells • four haploid sperm cells • two haploid sperm cells • two diploid sperm cells CONCEPT Meiosis and Genetic Variability 10 Which of the following is a component of cell membranes and includes a hydrophilic head, a glycerol backbone and two fatty acid tails? • Phospholipids • Nucleic acids • Fatty acids • Triglycerides CONCEPT Plasma Membrane 11 What is the outer part of the adrenal gland called? • Adrenal medulla • Adrenal body • Adrenal cortex • Adrenal dermis CONCEPT Adrenal Glands 12 Which of the following body parts is included in the axial skeleton? • Feet • Hips • Ribcage • Shoulders CONCEPT Skeleton 13 Which of the following statements about glycolysis is true? • It utilizes a molecule of glucose to produce three ATP. • Phosphorylation halts the process when ATP levels get too low. • It is an anaerobic process. • It is the last stage of cellular respiration. CONCEPT Glycolysis 14 What is the cytosol? • A part of the plasma membrane between the two layers of phospholipids • The liquid found inside the cytoplasm that is mostly composed of water • The protein structure that provides support to the cell • A part of the cytoskeleton that helps anchor membrane proteins CONCEPT Cytoplasm 15 Which organelle is mainly responsible for synthesizing proteins? • Ribosomes • Nuclear envelope • Golgi body • Smooth ER CONCEPT Endoplasmic Reticulum 16 What does red bone marrow do? • It produces red and white blood cells. • It produces red blood cells only. • It converts itself to yellow marrow when necessary. • It produces white blood cells only. CONCEPT Bone Structure and Growth 17 Which lobe of the brain is responsible for vision? • Temporal lobe • Frontal lobe • Parietal lobe • Occipital lobe CONCEPT Forebrain and Its Cerebrum 18 What funnels sound waves from outside the ear toward the middle ear? • Mechanoreceptors • Auditory canal • Eardrum • Auditory nerve CONCEPT Ear Anatomy and Hearing 19 Which of the following statements about the cardiac cycle is true? • The cardiac cycle is the time for which a heart stays in the relaxation phase. • The cardiac cycle is the relaxation and contraction of the heart's chambers. • The cardiac cycle is the number of times a heart beats per minute. • The cardiac cycle is the time for which a heart stays in the contraction phase. CONCEPT Cardiac Cycle and Cardiac Conduction System 20 Which part of the large intestine absorbs water? • Descending colon • Ascending colon • Transverse colon • All parts absorb water CONCEPT Large Intestine 21 Which part of the upper respiratory system is commonly known as the throat? • Trachea • Larynx • Pharynx • Esophagus CONCEPT Upper Respiratory Tract 22 Cri-du-chat is an example of what kind of genetic mutation? • Translocation • Environmental • Duplication • Deletion CONCEPT Chromosome Structure Changes 23 Which organ releases enzymes that help neutralize the acids in chyme? • Pancreas • Gallbladder • All three • Liver CONCEPT Pancreas, Gallbladder, & Liver 24 Parkinson’s disease is caused by __________. • an injury in the peripheral nervous system • a viral infection that affects various parts of the brain • the breakdown of neurons, affecting neurotransmitter production • an injury to the spinal cord CONCEPT Nervous System Health and Disorders 25 Which statement is true about monoclonal antibodies? • They are used in the treatment of fungal infections. • They are used in the treatment of certain cancers. • They are used in the treatment of viral infections. • They are used in the treatment of bacterial infections. CONCEPT Organ Transplant and Immunotherapy [Show More]

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