NR 507Patho midterm study guide completed.

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Mid-Term Study Guide Week 4 review concepts related to anticholinergic drugs and the treatment for asthma, bronchitis and associated pathogenesis; chronic bronchitis and related acid/base disturban... ces, perfusion, blood flow between the heart and lungs, asthma signs and symptoms, bronchioles, alveolar hyperinflation with asthma, polycythemia vera; mechanism of action of anticholinergic drugs to treat asthma Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by sensitization to allergens, bronchial hyperreactivity, and reversible airway obstruction. Asthma is initiated by a type I hypersensitivity reaction primarily mediated by IgE. Airway epithelial exposure to antigen initiates both an innate and an adaptive immune response in sensitized individuals. Many cells and cellular elements contribute to the persistent inflammation of the bronchial mucosa and hyperresponsiveness of the airways, including macrophages (dendritic cells), T helper 2 (Th2) lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, mast cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils. There is both an immediate (early asthmatic response) and a late (delayed) response. In young children, airway obstruction can be more severe because of the smaller diameter of their airways. Asthma is caus [Show More]

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