Oregon State University ECE_271_CH_5_Reading_Report

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ECE 271, Chapter 5 Reading Report Quentin Onyemordi May 27, 2020 1 Chapter 5 Outline Chapter 5 builds more on building combinational and sequential circuits in a a broader choice of elaborate blo... cks. The particular levels this entails include micro-architecture, logic and digital circuits. 1. Introduction The methods used up until this point for digital design have been boolean equations, schematics and HDL’s respectively, although this chapter goes onto explore even more intricate building blocks for digital design that can create more structure and ease to the design of particular projects. Many of the building blocks expanded on in this chapter are what are actually implemented in microprocessors. What also goes along with these building blocks is the fact that they are great examples of the previously referenced topics from chapter 1 which include hierarchy, modularity and regularity. 2. Arithmetic Circuits Arithmetic circuits are commonly acknowledged as a key building block of the modern computer. Arithmetic functions that these circuits are useful for adding, subtracting, dividing, multiplication. As we have learned in the last chapter the use of HDL’s allow us to represent these functions via hardware implementation. One often recurring operation is the use of addition in digital circuit systems. Some of the blocks used to implement addition are topics we have already discussed such as half adders, full adders, and ripple carry adders. Although there are also other systems that can be used for adding like carry propagate adder which has its name stemming from the way it is designed. The carry out of one bit propagates into a consecutive bit. Another new type of bit that can maximize the speed of addition and implements faster than the ripple carry adder is the carry-lookahead adder. This adder is faster because it resolves the problem of having to propagate through each individual bit. The work around for this problem is by dividing the adder into separate sections allowing for the carryout to be determined nearly as soon as the carry in. Subtraction is also a commonly utilized circuit that has fundamental building blocks necessary for computers and microprocessors. Subtraction is a new process we have just discovered which is easy to implement once addition is understood. All that needs to be done is flipping the sign of the secondary number which would create addition. In binary this process is done by [Show More]

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