CFR New York 2020 State Exam Slideshow 176 Questions with Verified Answers,100% CORRECT

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CFR New York 2020 State Exam Slideshow 176 Questions with Verified Answers You are dispatched to an office complex. You find a 56-year-old female with chest pain. She tells you the pain came on whe... n she was walking up the stairs to her office. The pain was a dull ache in her chest but is almost gone now that she has been sitting down resting. You suspect she has which of the following conditions? Myocardial infarction Angina Pulmonary emboli Congestive heart failure - CORRECT ANSWER Myocardial infarction (This may be Angina. Not sure about it) Which of the following is not included in the fundamental attributes of a functioning Emergency Medical Services (EMS) System? Human resources Public education Standardize curricula Prevention - CORRECT ANSWER Human resources Which of the following skills are usually NOT performed by First Responders? Providing initial airway care Assessing for life-threatening conditions Performing life-saving skills such as CPR Administering medications such as epinephrine and nitroglycerin - CORRECT ANSWER Administering medications such as epinephrine and nitroglycerin Which of the following First Responders is NOT acting appropriately? A First Responder who yells at bystanders who have approached a patient A First Responder who exercises three times a week A First Responder who calms a crying child who was involved in a motor vehicle crash A First Responder who keeps a clean jacket or jumpsuit to put on when responding from his work as a mechanic - CORRECT ANSWER A First Responder who yells at bystanders who have approached a patient Which term represents the first designated level of professional emergency medical care? Emergency Medical Technician Emergency Medical Responder (CFR) Advanced Emergency Medical Technician Paramedic - CORRECT ANSWER Emergency Medical Responder (CFR) Failure to continue giving care until you have transferred that care to someone of equal or higher training is best described by which of the following terms? Refusal Abandonment Implied treatment Indirect medical care - CORRECT ANSWER Abandonment You respond to the scene of a patient with difficulty breathing. The patient has lung cancer. You try to put oxygen on him and he yells at you. He complains that you didn't do it right. The patient is presenting with which of the following stages of grief? Denial Anger Bargaining Depression - CORRECT ANSWER Anger Which of the following include the five stages of grieving that may be experienced by persons involved with death and dying? Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance Guilt, indecisiveness, joy, depression, isolation Acceptance, comfort, anxiety, guilt, irritability Isolation, respect, comfort, relief, depression - CORRECT ANSWER Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance At the scene of a motor vehicle crash the patient is trapped in the vehicle. With which of the following hazards should the Emergency First Responder be concerned? The possibility of sharp metal and glass Exposure to the patient's blood The possibility that the vehicle may be leaking harmful fluids All of the above - CORRECT ANSWER All of the above Which of the following immunizations are recommended for all healthcare providers? Tetanus Hepatitis B Measles, mumps, and flu All of the above - CORRECT ANSWER All of the above You respond to a possible "shooting." Which of the following statements is FALSE? Personal protective equipment such as gloves, mask, and gown should be considered. Do not enter the scene until it has been secured by law enforcement. Avoid disturbing anything at the scene when possible. Delay treating the patient until his or her clothing has been secured for evidence - CORRECT ANSWER Delay treating the patient until his or her clothing has been secured for evidence You respond to the home of an elderly gentleman. His wife gives you a Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) document . Assuming your state recognizes this document in the prehospital setting, which of the following statements is TRUE? The DNR cannot be revoked in the field. If the patient is breathing and has a pulse, you should not provide medical care. If the patient is not breathing and does not have a pulse, you should not provide medical care. Contact medical control before initiating any treatment. - CORRECT ANSWER If the patient is not breathing and does not have a pulse, you should not provide medical care. You respond to the scene of a patient involved in a bicycle collision. You ask the patient if you may examine and treat her. You explain that you want to apply a cervical collar because the patient's neck may be injured. You inform the patient that the collar may be uncomfortable. The patient agrees. This is an example of which type of consent? Assumed consent Expressed consent Involuntary consent Implied consent - CORRECT ANSWER Expressed consent You respond to the scene of an 8-year-old child who was struck by a car. The parents are unavailable. The child is found in the street. You begin to treat the child. This is an example of which of the following types of consent? Informed consent Expressed consent Involuntary consent Implied consent - CORRECT ANSWER Implied consent Which of the following statements BEST describes the difference between expressed and implied consent? Implied consent applies only to patients who are refusing care, and expressed consent involves patients who verbally consent to treatment. With expressed consent a patient consents to treatment in writing, whereas with implied consent a patient consents to treatment verbally. Expressed consent can be obtained only from incompetent patients or minors, and implied consent is obtained from compet - CORRECT ANSWER Implied consent is granted when a patient is unconscious or is a minor without an available parent or guardian, and expressed consent is verbally agreeing to treatment. Which of the following would be an example of abandonment? An Emergency First Responder begins caring for a patient at the scene and turns the patient over the Paramedic after giving a report. An Emergency First Responder arrives on the scene at the same time as the Paramedic crew. The Paramedic crew begins treating the patient. The First Responders get and respond to another call. An Emergency First Responder responds to a call for an ill person. As the EMT-Basic crew arrives, the First Respon - CORRECT ANSWER An Emergency First Responder responds to a call for an ill person. As the EMT-Basic crew arrives, the First Responders leave to a motor vehicle crash without giving a report. Failing to provide the expected standard of care to a patient that leads to further injury is best defined by which of the following terms? Abandonment Assault Battery Negligence - CORRECT ANSWER Negligence The legal obligation to provide medical care is best defined by which of the following terms? Medical control Duty to act Standard of care Advance directive - CORRECT ANSWER Duty to act Information you receive concerning the patient's condition can be told to: The general public. A friend or any relative. Reporters as requested. Appropriate emergency department staff. - CORRECT ANSWER Appropriate emergency department staff. All of the following are elements of nonverbal communication except: Body position Eye contact Use of nonmedical language Tone of voice - CORRECT ANSWER Use of nonmedical language Which government agency is responsible for regulating radio communications in the United States? FCC IAFF OSHA IAFC - CORRECT ANSWER FCC Which of the following statements best describes the respiratory system? It uses blood to carry oxygen and nutrients to the cells and to remove waste products. It controls the voluntary and involuntary activities of the body. It secretes hormones to assist the body with its activities. It takes in oxygen and delivers it to the blood. - CORRECT ANSWER It takes in oxygen and delivers it to the blood. The respiratory system contains which of the following structures? Oropharynx, nasopharynx, epiglottis, trachea, larynx, lungs, bronchi, and alveoli Arteries, veins, capillaries, and the heart Brain, spinal cord, motor nerves, and sensory nerves Skull, facial bones, vertebra, thorax, ribs, bones in the extremities, and the pelvis - CORRECT ANSWER Oropharynx, nasopharynx, epiglottis, trachea, larynx, lungs, bronchi, and alveoli Which of the following statements best describes the circulatory system? It uses blood to carry oxygen and nutrients to the cells and to remove waste products. It controls the voluntary and involuntary activities of the body. It gives the body shape and assists with movement It takes in oxygen and delivers it to the blood. - CORRECT ANSWER It uses blood to carry oxygen and nutrients to the cells and to remove waste products. Which of the following statements best describes the musculoskeletal system? It uses blood to carry oxygen and nutrients to the cells and to remove waste products. It controls the voluntary and involuntary activities of the body. It gives the body shape and assists with movement It takes in oxygen and delivers it to the blood. - CORRECT ANSWER It gives the body shape and assists with movement Which of the following statements best describes the nervous system? It uses blood to carry oxygen and nutrients to the cells and to remove waste products. It controls the voluntary and involuntary activities of the body. It gives the body shape and assists with movement. It takes in oxygen and delivers it to the blood. - CORRECT ANSWER It controls the voluntary and involuntary activities of the body. A recommended place to listen to the heart is on the ____ chest. Anterior Posterior Inferior Superior - CORRECT ANSWER Anterior The spine is located on the ____ part of the body. Anterior Posterior Inferior Superior - CORRECT ANSWER Posterior A child fell from her bike and has swelling just above her ankle. Which of the following would you document? Swelling noted proximal to the ankle Swelling identified superior to the knee Swelling observed proximal to the knee Swelling found distal to the ankle - CORRECT ANSWER Swelling noted proximal to the ankle Where is the liver located? Upper right quadrant of the abdomen Upper left quadrant of the abdomen Lower right quadrant of the abdomen Lower left quadrant of the abdomen - CORRECT ANSWER Upper right quadrant of the abdomen Your patient has spilled hot coffee on her hand. Burns are primarily associated with which body system? Integumentary system Respiratory system Nervous system Endocrine system - CORRECT ANSWER Integumentary system The safest and most effective way to use your body as an advantage when lifting and moving something can be best described by which of the following terms? Power lift Power grip Body mechanics Extrication - CORRECT ANSWER Power lift Which of the following should the Emergency First Responders consider before determining how much help they may need when moving a patient? The weight of the patient Their own abilities and physical limitations The terrain and distance they need to carry the patient All of the above - CORRECT ANSWER All of the above Which of the following statements is TRUE? In general, you should use your back instead of your legs to lift. You should keep the weight of an object as close to your body as possible. Your body should move as separate pieces to maintain your balance. You should lift with your arms whenever possible. - CORRECT ANSWER You should keep the weight of an object as close to your body as possible. Which of the following statements is true if more than one person is lifting a patient? Lift the feet first. Lift the head first. Lift the body as a unit Asynchronously lift the body. - CORRECT ANSWER Lift the body as a unit A carrying device that splits into two pieces called a ____ stretcher. Portable Scoop Flexible Basket - CORRECT ANSWER Scoop The preferred method of transporting a patient down a flight of stairs is with which of the following devices? Wheeled stretcher Stair chair Basket stretcher Short backboard - CORRECT ANSWER Stair chair The ____ carries air to the lungs and branches into the left and right bronchi. Bronchioles Mouth Mediastinum Trachea - CORRECT ANSWER Bronchioles Which of the following patients is NOT showing signs of respiratory distress? A 69-year-old male complaining of weakness who is breathing 26 times a minute with gurgling respirations A 10-year-old girl breathing 18 times a minute with minimal effort A 4-year-old boy breathing 12 times a minute with cyanosis An 88-year-old female breathing 22 times a minute with minimal air exchange and depth - CORRECT ANSWER A 10-year-old girl breathing 18 times a minute with minimal effort Which of the following is TRUE of the jaw-thrust technique? It is an easier technique than the head-tilt chin lift. The jaw-thrust technique without head-tilt lift is the safest technique for patients with a possible spinal injury. It should be used for all responsive trauma patients. It is the technique of choice for cardiac arrest patients. - CORRECT ANSWER The jaw-thrust technique without head-tilt lift is the safest technique for patients with a possible spinal injury. You are helping an EMT crew ventilate a patient with a bag-valve-mask device. Each time the patient receives a breath you feel air coming from the mask. Which of the following statements describes the best action to take? Make sure oxygen is attached to the bag. Increase the oxygen flow to the bag. Hold the mask more firmly on the face. Use less pressure when squeezing the bag. - CORRECT ANSWER Hold the mask more firmly on the face. Which patient is being adequately ventilated? A 5-year-old female is pale and cyanotic, but her chest does not move with ventilations. A 72-year-old male's chest does not move, but his abdomen is getting larger. A 4-month-old girl's chest is moving with ventilations and she is starting to move around. A 28-year-old male's chest is not moving and it is difficult to ventilate the patient. - CORRECT ANSWER A 4-month-old girl's chest is moving with ventilations and she is starting to move around. You have been ventilating a patient. The patient starts to vomit. Which of the following statements describes the best action to take? Position the patient on his back and use a finger sweep to clear his airway. Position the patient on his back and use a whistle tip suction to remove the vomit. Turn the patient to his side and use a suction catheter to clear the vomit. Turn the patient face down and use a suction catheter to clear the vomit. - CORRECT ANSWER Turn the patient to his side and use a suction catheter to clear the vomit. You respond to the scene of a 9-month-old male who stopped breathing after having a seizure. Which of the following actions should be performed? Perform mouth-to-mask ventilations with puffs of air until the patient's chest rises. Hyperextend the neck and begin mouth-to-barrier ventilation. Provide supplemental oxygen. Open the patient's airway and complete a finger sweep. - CORRECT ANSWER Perform mouth-to-mask ventilations with puffs of air until the patient's chest rises. Which of the following patients should receive a nasopharyngeal airway? A 66-year-old male who has snoring respirations and a gag reflex A 24-year-old male who is not breathing and does not have gag reflex An 82-year-old female who is breathing 18 times a minute and has a gag reflex A 5-year-old female who is breathing 24 times a minute and is conscious - CORRECT ANSWER A 66-year-old male who has snoring respirations and a gag reflex Which of the following patients should receive an oropharyngeal airway? A 66-year-old male who has snoring respirations and a gag reflex A 24-year-old male who is not breathing and does not have a gag reflex An 82-year-old female who is breathing 18 times a minute and has a gag reflex A 5-year-old female who is breathing 24 times a minute and is conscious - CORRECT ANSWER A 24-year-old male who is not breathing and does not have a gag reflex A high-pitched whistling sound that is heard as a patient inhales is best defined by which of the following terms? Dyspnea Apnea Stridor Wheezing - CORRECT ANSWER Wheezing A patient working harder to breathe can be described by which of the following terms? Dyspnea Apnea Stridor Wheezing - CORRECT ANSWER Dyspnea Which of the following describes scene size-up? It is a quick evaluation of the entire scene. It begins with taking information on the patient history. It begins with patient care. It begins when you ask for additional resources. - CORRECT ANSWER It is a quick evaluation of the entire scene. Which of the following hazards would you expect to find at a medical emergency? Infectious disease Broken glass Traffic hazards Unreleased air bags - CORRECT ANSWER Infectious disease You arrive on the scene and find a motor vehicle crash with a spider web crack in the windshield. You should suspect which of the following injuries? Head and neck injuries Abrasions from airbag deployment Clavicle fractures Lower extremity injuries - CORRECT ANSWER Head and neck injuries Which of the following is a TRUE statement regarding the general impression of a patient? It is useful when determining the severity of a patient. It is useful only when assessing a critical patient. It is primarily used to triage patients. It is useful only when deciding which patients require advanced care. - CORRECT ANSWER It is useful when determining the severity of a patient. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A 3-year-old child who opens his eyes and watches you, but does not move when you ask, would be considered unresponsive. An 82-year-old man who knows his name and the date, but not what happened, would be considered alert and oriented. A 3-month-old child with a dull stare who does not respond to her parents would be considered to have an altered level of consciousness. A 24-year-old person who yells and screams at you, but will not answer questions or - CORRECT ANSWER A 3-month-old child with a dull stare who does not respond to her parents would be considered to have an altered level of consciousness. Which of the following is the correct way to measure a pulse? Use your thumb to feel the pulse in the wrist. Press hard with two fingers to feel the carotid pulse. Use two fingers to check the pulse in the wrist. Count the beats in 30 seconds and multiply by 4. - CORRECT ANSWER Use two fingers to check the pulse in the wrist. Which of the following is TRUE of prioritizing patients for transport? Patients should be transported based on the injury that looks the most severe. Patients should be transported based on life-threatening airway, breathing, or bleeding emergencies. Patients are difficult to prioritize so all patients should be rapidly transported to the emergency department by advanced life support crews. First Responders cannot determine how severe a patient's condition is and the need for transport. - CORRECT ANSWER Patients should be transported based on life-threatening airway, breathing, or bleeding emergencies. You respond to a scene and arrive shortly after the first unit. When you get on the scene, you notice that one of the responders has applied an occlusive dressing to the patient's neck. Which of the following assessment findings would the responder be treating? Possible cervical spine injury Swelling of the neck tissue Open wound to the neck Shifted trachea - CORRECT ANSWER Open wound to the neck You respond to a skiing incident. The patient is complaining of difficulty breathing. To assess the chest, you should do which of the following? Compare the two sides of the chest. Palpate only the side of the chest on which the patient complains of pain. Identify open wounds and notify advanced providers so they can manage the wound. Inspect and palpate the anterior chest as wounds to the back are rare. - CORRECT ANSWER Compare the two sides of the chest. Your patient was involved in a crash while riding an all-terrain vehicle. Which of the following should you consider as you assess the pelvis and lower extremities? Crepitus on palpation of the pelvis is a normal finding. Pelvic injuries are usually mild and not life threatening. Distal pulses such as pedal or radial pulses should be palpated to evaluate the circulation. Extremity injuries may be dramatic and should always be a treatment and assessment priority. - CORRECT ANSWER Distal pulses such as pedal or radial pulses should be palpated to evaluate the circulation. You are giving a report to the on-coming crew. They ask you for the patient's vital signs. You would report on which findings? The patient's respirations, pulse, skin signs, blood pressure, and pupils The patient's airway, breathing, and disability The patient's allergies, last oral intake, and events leading up to the problem The patient's primary complaint, breathing and circulation status - CORRECT ANSWER The patient's respirations, pulse, skin signs, blood pressure, and pupils Your patient is a 12-year-old boy with asthma. You ask the patient if he has any medication allergies. You are asking which of the following? A--on the SAMPLE assessment M--on the SAMPLE assessment S--on the DOTS assessment A--on the AVPU assessment - CORRECT ANSWER A--on the SAMPLE assessment You respond to the scene of a child who fell from a rock-climbing wall. She fell about 12 feet and landed on her back. You hear snoring respirations. You stabilize the cervical spine and do which of the following? Use a jaw thrust to prevent further injury due to the mechanism of injury. Use a head-tilt jaw-thrust to open the airway due to the mechanism of injury. Monitor the patient until ALS care arrives, since other maneuvers are outside your scope of practice. Apply oxygen and place the pat - CORRECT ANSWER Use a jaw thrust to prevent further injury due to the mechanism of injury. Ventricular fibrillation is best corrected by which of the following? Recognition and Early Access Early CPR Defibrillation Early Advanced Care - CORRECT ANSWER Defibrillation As a single rescuer you initiate CPR on an adult. You should perform compressions and respirations at which ratio? 30 compressions to 2 ventilations 30 ventilations to 1 compressions 15 compressions to 2 ventilation 15 ventilations to 1 compression - CORRECT ANSWER 30 compressions to 2 ventilations Your patient is a 6-month-old infant in cardiopulmonary arrest. You initiate CPR. Compressions should be performed using which of the following? Two fingers One thumb One hand Two hands - CORRECT ANSWER Two fingers Your crew has initiated CPR on a patient. An AED is applied. What should you do while the patient is being analyzed? Continue CPR Attach the pads to the patient Not touch the patient Continue palpating a pulse until the shock is delivered - CORRECT ANSWER Not touch the patient Emergency First Responders assess a 42-year-old male who complains of chest tightness. He tells you the discomfort goes into his arm and jaw. He is a little short of breath and feels nauseated. Which of the following is most likely this patient's primary problem? Difficulty breathing/respiratory Chest pain/cardiac Altered level of consciousness/neurological Behavioral/psychiatric - CORRECT ANSWER Chest pain/cardiac Care for a patient with chest pain would include all of the following EXCEPT _____. Oxygen as needed Position of comfort Encourage patient to walk off the pain AED as needed - CORRECT ANSWER Encourage patient to walk off the pain Which of the following is NOT a component of the Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale? Ask the patient to show his or her teeth or smile. Have the patient close his or her eyes and hold out both arms for 10 seconds. Have the patient say "You can't teach an old dog new tricks." Shine a light in the patient's eyes to assess for equality and reactivity. - CORRECT ANSWER Shine a light in the patient's eyes to assess for equality and reactivity. Your patient is a 73-year-old female who is complaining of weakness on her left side. As you assess her, she tells you the weakness is going away. You note her grip is stronger than when you arrived. You suspect which of the following? Stroke Transient ischemic attack (TIA) A behavioral emergency She was faking it - CORRECT ANSWER Transient ischemic attack (TIA) You respond to a patient who is confused and is nauseated and vomiting. The family tells you he is an insulin-dependent diabetic. They tell you he has been sick a few days and is getting worse. He appears dehydrated. You suspect which of the following? Hyperglycemia Hypoglycemia The flu with no diabetic problems An acute abdomen with no diabetic problems - CORRECT ANSWER Hyperglycemia Which of the following statements is TRUE of a seizure? It may be caused by problems such as fever, infections, and low blood sugar. The body may have convulsions and may stiffen and violently jerk. The patient may be incontinent of stool and urine and sleepy after the seizure. All of the above - CORRECT ANSWER All of the above Care for a patient with seizures includes which of the following? Move dangerous objects away, protect privacy, restrain the patient as needed Suction as needed, do not restrain the patient, oxygen as needed Place the patient in the recovery position after the seizure, place an oral airway Maintain a safe environment, place a bite block to maintain the airway - CORRECT ANSWER Suction as needed, do not restrain the patient, oxygen as needed You are called to the home of 24-year-old male who was discharged from the hospital today. He had a fracture of his femur and pelvis and has been immobile for a period of time in the hospital. He complains of sudden onset of chest pain on the right side. The pain is sharp and stabbing. He is also complaining of difficulty breathing. His lungs are clear and the pain is worse when he takes a deep breath. You suspect he has which of the following conditions? Myocardial infarction Angina Pulmonary - CORRECT ANSWER Pulmonary emboli You are dispatched to the home of a patient who is threatening to kill himself. Which of the following is your first action? Do not enter until police officers arrive. Try to talk calmly to the patient. Distract the patient so your partner can restrain him. Explain to the patient what you are doing. - CORRECT ANSWER Do not enter until police officers arrive. Which of the following statements describes arterial bleeding? Bright red blood spurting from a laceration Darker red blood flowing from a laceration Dark red blood oozing from abrasions Clotted blood in a wound - CORRECT ANSWER Bright red blood spurting from a laceration Which of the following statements describes venous bleeding? Bright red blood spurting from a laceration Darker red blood flowing from a laceration Dark red blood oozing from abrasions Clotted blood in a wound - CORRECT ANSWER Darker red blood flowing from a laceration Your patient is a 7-year-old child who was hit on the head with a baseball. He has a wound on his left forehead that is bleeding profusely. Which of the following describes the first action you should take? Clean the wound and apply a dressing. Apply direct pressure to the area. Rinse the area with sterile water. Apply pressure to the pressure points. - CORRECT ANSWER Apply direct pressure to the area. Your patient was the driver of a motorcycle that crashed as he was leaving a party. He had been drinking and was obviously intoxicated according to witnesses. He is lying on his side mumbling that his leg hurts. His skin is cool, pale, and moist. He has a small laceration to his lower leg and some abrasions to his arms. He is breathing 36 times per minute and his heart rate is 136. His radial pulse is weak. Which of the following do you suspect? The patient is drunk and his wounds are minor. Th - CORRECT ANSWER The patient may be going into shock from internal bleeding. You respond to a child who fell from a slide. He has an obviously deformed forearm and has scrapes on his hands and knees that are oozing a small amount of blood. The scrapes are referred to as ____. Abrasions Contusions Lacerations Avulsions - CORRECT ANSWER Abrasions A factory worker has caught his arm in a piece of machinery. A large flap of tissue is hanging loose on his upper arm. The flap of tissue is referred to as a(n) ____. Abrasion Avulsion Amputation Laceration - CORRECT ANSWER Avulsion Your patient has a gunshot wound to the chest. Which of the following dressings would be most appropriate? Gauze with direct pressure Occlusive dressing with direct pressure Thick, moist dressing Occlusive dressing with an opening to let the air escape - CORRECT ANSWER Occlusive dressing with an opening to let the air escape Which of the following statements is FALSE? One of the most important priorities in electrical burns is scene safety. Electrical burns may cause an irregular heart beat, so an AED may be necessary. Electrical burns often follow the body's nerves and blood vessels. The patient's internal injuries are often much less severe than the external injuries. - CORRECT ANSWER The patient's internal injuries are often much less severe than the external injuries. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the anatomy of the musculoskeletal system? The axial skeleton is made up of the bones of the extremities. The appendicular skeleton supports most on the weight of the body. The bones of the upper extremity are the humerus, ulna, and radius. The bones of the lower extremity are the pelvis, vertebra, and thorax. - CORRECT ANSWER The bones of the upper extremity are the humerus, ulna, and radius. An injury in which the ligaments are stretched or torn is called a ____. sprain strain dislocation contusion - CORRECT ANSWER sprain When a bone is separated from its normal position in a joint, it is referred to as a ____. sprain strain dislocation contusion - CORRECT ANSWER dislocation Which of the following signs and symptoms is most commonly associated with a head/brain injury? Irregular breathing pattern Altered mental status Loss of normal speech All of the above - CORRECT ANSWER All of the above What structure is attached to the uterus and provides the fetus with oxygen and nutrients? Ovary Womb Placenta Embryo - CORRECT ANSWER Placenta Your partner assesses a pregnant patient and tells you crowning is present. What does this mean? The baby's head is at the vaginal opening. The amniotic sac has ruptured. Contractions have started. The placenta is delivering. - CORRECT ANSWER The baby's head is at the vaginal opening. You respond to a 22-year-old female who is 12 weeks pregnant and is having severe abdominal cramps. She is having vaginal bleeding and is passing clots of blood. You suspect which of the following? She is term and in labor. She is having postpartum hemorrhage. She has a placenta previa. She is having a spontaneous abortion. - CORRECT ANSWER She is having a spontaneous abortion. Your patient is a 10-year-old male child with difficulty breathing. He is awake and anxious. His breathing is labored. He uses an inhaler when he has attacks like this. He has wheezes when you auscultate his lungs. You suspect he may have which of the following conditions? Asthma Croup Epiglottitis Foreign body airway obstruction - CORRECT ANSWER Asthma Which of the following is the most common cause of seizures in children? Epilepsy Fever Trauma Low blood sugar - CORRECT ANSWER Fever A 5-year-old male child fell on a bottle and lacerated his leg. He is sitting up holding his leg and is awake and crying. His skin is cool and pale. His capillary refilling time is decreased. The wound on the leg is spurting bright red blood. He has lost quite a bit of blood when you arrive. You do which of the following? Open his airway with a jaw thrust. Apply direct pressure to his wound, lay him flat, and apply oxygen. Keep him in a sitting position, apply a dressing, and wrap him in a blan - CORRECT ANSWER Apply direct pressure to his wound, lay him flat, and apply oxygen. Which of the following patients is NOT showing signs of respiratory distress? A 2-year-old child who is unresponsive with a respiratory rate of 12 breaths per minute A 2-month-old baby quietly breathing 40 times a minute A 12-year-old child breathing 42 times a minute with stridor A 3-year-old child who is sleepy and breathing 60 times per minute - CORRECT ANSWER A 2-month-old baby quietly breathing 40 times a minute You respond to the scene of a tanker truck rollover with a large gasoline spill. The patient is trapped in the vehicle. You should do which of the following? Notify the hazardous materials team and control access to the scene and the patient. Notify the hazardous material team and begin extricating the patient. Call for an extrication team and perform an initial assessment. Stabilize the vehicle and notify the fire department of a fire hazard. - CORRECT ANSWER Notify the hazardous materials team and control access to the scene and the patient. You respond to the scene of a motor vehicle crash. The patient has been pulled from the car. A fire has started and is engulfing the car. Which of the following actions should you perform? Try to turn off the ignition of the vehicle. Move the patient back from the scene and provide care. Attempt to put out the fire with a fire extinguisher even though you have not had fire-fighter training. Stabilize the vehicle so it does not move and spread the fire. - CORRECT ANSWER Move the patient back from the scene and provide care. You respond to a motor vehicle crash. The car struck a utility pole and has wires lying over it. The patient is inside the car. What should you do when you arrive on the scene? Remove the wires from the car and assess for life threats. Encourage the patient to get out of the car if he is awake and able to move. Keep the patient in the car until someone trained to work with wires can move them. Stabilize the vehicle with wood cribbing so the electricity will not be conducted. - CORRECT ANSWER Keep the patient in the car until someone trained to work with wires can move them. You respond to a rollover. The car is up on its side and wobbles with the wind. The patient is inside and is complaining of difficulty breathing. What should you should you do first? Enter the car and assess for life-threatening conditions. Stay outside the car and assist ventilations. Encourage the patient to try to crawl out of the car. Stabilize the vehicle and then assess the patient - CORRECT ANSWER Stabilize the vehicle and then assess the patient Which of the following patients would be considered a high priority or immediate category in a mass casualty incident? Patient with snoring respirations Patient with burns to arm and hand but no breathing problems Patient with pain in the lower back with numbness in one leg Patient who is not breathing and does not have a pulse - CORRECT ANSWER Patient with snoring respirations Which of the following patients would be considered a low priority or minor category in a mass casualty incident? Patient with an open femur fracture that is bleeding severely and is difficult to control Patient with a bilateral lower leg fracture with moderate bleeding that has been controlled Patient with a fractured humerus without neurovascular compromise Patient who is not breathing and does not have a pulse - CORRECT ANSWER Patient with a fractured humerus without neurovascular compromise You are a member of a search and rescue team and find a hiker who was lost. When you assess him, his fingers, nose, and cheeks are white, waxy, and hard to touch. You suspect which of the following conditions? Superficial frostbite Deep frostbite Cold shock Cold stroke - CORRECT ANSWER Deep frostbite Your patient was found outside on a cold rainy night. She is unresponsive and cold to the touch. Her carotid pulse is 30 and very weak. She is breathing six times per minute and her breathing is shallow. You suspect which of the following conditions? Hyperthermia Hypothermia Deep frostbite Superficial frostbite - CORRECT ANSWER Hypothermia You are doing stand-by for a large outdoor concert in the summer. It is hot, humid, and mid-afternoon when friends bring a 28-year-old male to you. He had been playing Frisbee when he started having stomach cramps. He is warm and sweaty and complaining of abdominal cramps. He is alert and oriented and denies any other medical problems. You suspect which of the following conditions? Heat stroke Heat exhaustion Heat cramps Hypothermia - CORRECT ANSWER Heat cramps Your patient was playing soccer on a hot humid summer day when she collapsed. She complains of being severely weak and dizzy. She is extremely diaphoretic. You suspect which of the following conditions? Heat stroke Heat exhaustion Heat cramps Hypothermia - CORRECT ANSWER Heat exhaustion Your patient is a 64-year-old female. She is found unresponsive in her apartment. It is a hot summer day. Her windows are all closed and locked, and she does not have air conditioning or a fan. The room is extremely hot. Her pulse is weak and rapid. Her skin is hot and dry. Family tells you she had a seizure prior to your arrival. Care for this patient would include all the following EXCEPT _____. high concentration oxygen recovery position sips of cool water remove her from her apartment into - CORRECT ANSWER sips of cool water Which of the following is not more common in the elderly? Fear of death Fear of loss of independence Weakness Increased energy levels - CORRECT ANSWER Increased energy levels You are treating an 87-year-old patient, Ed Flattery, who was found by his granddaughter on the floor complaining of hip pain. The best way to communicate with this patient is to address him as: Ed. Pops. Mr. Flattery. Eddie. - CORRECT ANSWER Mr. Flattery. Of the following conditions, alcohol intoxication is most easily confused with: heart attack pericardial tamponade diabetic emergency stroke - CORRECT ANSWER diabetic emergency When treating an adult patient you can provide specific information about the patients condition to: concerned friends Employers family members none of the above - CORRECT ANSWER none of the above The CFR's unilateral severance of a patient-provider relationship without finding a replacement is: Negligence Abandonment Unlawfulness malfeasance - CORRECT ANSWER Abandonment The epiglottis is responsible for: producing sound production of surfactant protecting the esophagus from gastric distention preventing aspiration - CORRECT ANSWER preventing aspiration Biological death is defined as: sudden death Agonal lack of oxygen flow to the body as evidenced by no pulse or respirations sustained oxygen deprivation after which recovery without brain damage is unlikely - CORRECT ANSWER sustained oxygen deprivation after which recovery without brain damage is unlikely Checking for a peripheral pulse and arterial hemorrhage are part of the ____ step of your primary: A B C D - CORRECT ANSWER C The patient tells you that his head hurts and he is dizzy. This is the patients: history of current problem past medical history primary problem chief complaint - CORRECT ANSWER chief complaint Blood pressure determined by feeling a radial pulse during cuff deflation is called BP by: Auscultation Inspection Palpation vibration - CORRECT ANSWER Palpation A patient with urticaria, wheezing and stridor following a bee sting is probably suffering from: foreign body airway obstruction Epiglottitis Croup anaphylaxis - CORRECT ANSWER anaphylaxis Platelets are responsible for: combating infection carrying oxygen carrying carbon dioxide clotting - CORRECT ANSWER clotting The most oxygen-dependent organ in the body is: Heart Brain Kidney liver - CORRECT ANSWER Brain The femoral, popliteal, and dorsalis pedis arteries are all located in the: Head Trunk upper extremities lower extremities - CORRECT ANSWER lower extremities The nervous system is structurally divided into 2 main divisions, the central nervous system and: core nervous system peripheral nervous system proximal nervous system ganglionic nervous system - CORRECT ANSWER peripheral nervous system The largest bones and muscles in the body are in the: thigh Back Chest arms - CORRECT ANSWER thigh Skeletal muscles are responsible for: movement of the arms pumping of blood Digestion reflexes - CORRECT ANSWER movement of the arms Tachypnea is the medical term for: difficulty breathing inability to speak noisy breathing rapid breathing - CORRECT ANSWER rapid breathing Gastric distention is a common complication of: Underventilation slow ventilation forceful ventilation endotracheal ventilation - CORRECT ANSWER Forceful Ventilation Which of the following oxygen delivery devices may result in 90% oxygen concentration: nasal cannula Venturi mask non-rebreather pocket mask - CORRECT ANSWER non-rebreather The average adult has how much blood: 6 pints 6 liters 12 liters none of the above - CORRECT ANSWER 6 liters Respiratory arrest is a possible complication of high concentration oxygen administration for: stroke victims cardiac patients Children COPD patients - CORRECT ANSWER COPD patients Blood is rich in oxygen in all of the following structures except: pulmonary artery left ventricle Aorta left atrium - CORRECT ANSWER pulmonary artery The average patient has a heart approximately the size of: your fist their fist their fathers fist none of the above - CORRECT ANSWER their fist Insulin is produced in specialized cells in the: Pancreas gall bladder Appendix liver - CORRECT ANSWER Pancreas A known diabetic is found unconscious after jogging 2 miles. His wife states that he took his insulin this morning, but has not eaten. You suspect: hypoglycemia Hyperglycemia diabetic coma none of the above - CORRECT ANSWER hypoglycemia The first priority when dealing with a patient who has taken an intentional overdose of sleeping pills is to: teat the poison treat the patient respect the patients desire to commit suicide and do nothing call the police, since this may only look like a suicide, it may be attempted homicide - CORRECT ANSWER treat the patient Pin-point pupils are the most common pupillary finding in: cocaine overdoses alcohol overdose narcotic overdoses barbiturate overdoses - CORRECT ANSWER narcotic overdoses The most common drug abused in the USA is: Cocaine Marijuana Valium alcohol - CORRECT ANSWER alcohol All chest pain should be treated as _________ until proven otherwise: Heartburn CHF a bad cold AMI - CORRECT ANSWER AMI When treating a seizing patient, the best bite block to use is: OPA commercial bite stick Pencil none - CORRECT ANSWER none Your patient, a 60 year old female, presents with: altered LOC; rapid, deep respirations; warm, dry skin; a sweet, fruity odor on her breath. You suspect: insulin shock Hypoglycemia Hyperglycemia none of the above - CORRECT ANSWER Hyperglycemia Of the following, the type of shock that could be caused by extended diarrhea: Hypovolemic Neurogenic Anaphylactic respiratory - CORRECT ANSWER Hypovolemic The percentage of oxygen delivered to your patient by a nasal cannula at 4 lpm is: 28 % 30 % 34 % 36 % - CORRECT ANSWER 28 % The section of the Public Health Law that defines what an ambulance is and must carry is: Part 30 Part 800 Article 30 Article 800 - CORRECT ANSWER Part 800 An elderly female is complaining of chest pain following a walk up several flights of stairs. She states that the pain has been relieved somewhat by resting. She is most likely suffering from: CHF AMI Angina COPD - CORRECT ANSWER Angina The thoracic cavity contains: Large intestine, small intestine and rectum Liver, gallbladder and pancreas Heart and lungs Stomach and spleen - CORRECT ANSWER Heart and lungs Something related to a pt's illness or problem that the CFR can see, feel or hear is a: Scenario Syndrome Symptom Sign - CORRECT ANSWER Sign You arrive at the home of a pt who has a laceration on their leg from a nail. You find a pulse to be 76 strong and regular. You can describe his pulse as: too fast Thready Too slow normal - CORRECT ANSWER normal Which of the following pts has the right to refuse treatment? Mentally competent adult Mentally incompetent adult Minor Unresponsive pt - CORRECT ANSWER Mentally competent adult The diastolic pressure corresponds to: The pressure exerted against the wall of the arteries when the heart contracts The pressure exerted against the wall of the arteries when the heart is relaxed The difference between the resting pressure and pumping pressure On half the systolic pressure. - CORRECT ANSWER The pressure exerted against the wall of the arteries when the heart is relaxed The terms that refer to the front of the body are: Anterior/ventral Anterior/ dorsal Posterior/ventral Posterior/dorsal - CORRECT ANSWER Anterior/ventral Deviation from the accepted standard of care that a reasonable, prudent CFR would render is: Duty to act Negligence Breach of contract Standard of care - CORRECT ANSWER Negligence The first sound noted when taking a blood pressure is the: Diastolic pressure Systolic pressure Venous pressure Diabolic pressure - CORRECT ANSWER Systolic pressure Living cell begin to die in 4 to 6 minutes if they are deprived of: Glucose Food Water Oxygen - CORRECT ANSWER Oxygen A generalized seizure is characterized by: A core body temperature of greater than 103 degrees Severe twitching of all the body's muscles Unconsciousness for greater than 30 minutes A blank stare and brief lapse of consciousness - CORRECT ANSWER Severe twitching of all the body's muscles Destruction of the alveoli and decreased elasticity of the lung tissues is characteristic of: Chronic bronchitis Pneumonia Asthma Emphysema - CORRECT ANSWER Emphysema A fracture is most accurately defined as a: Disruption in the midshaft of the bone Total loss of function in a bone Break in continuity of a bone Abnormality in the structure of the bone - CORRECT ANSWER Break in continuity of a bone What medication is given to a patient who is hypoxic? Nitroglycerin Oral glucose Lose dose aspirin Oxygen - CORRECT ANSWER Oxygen The flap of tissue that protects and covers the trachea when we swallow food or saliva is the: Epiglottis Larynx Esophagus Bronchi - CORRECT ANSWER Epiglottis The first step in managing a burn patient is to: Apply sterile dressing Estimate the depth of burn Stop the burning process Estimate the percentage of burn - CORRECT ANSWER Stop the burning process An adult male is burned by hot steam. He has partial thickness burns on the entire surface of his right arm and across his anterior chest. What % of his body is burned? 13.5 18 27 22.5 - CORRECT ANSWER 27 When oxygenated blood leaves the lungs, it travels through the: Vena cava to get to the right atria Pulmonary arteries to get to the left atria Pulmonary veins to get to the left atria Aorta to get to the entire body. - CORRECT ANSWER Pulmonary veins to get to the left atria The goal of the primary assessment is to: Determine if the pt's problem is trauma or medical; Identify and treat all life threatening conditions Identify patients that require transport to a trauma center Determine the need to perform a head to toe assessment. - CORRECT ANSWER Identify and treat all life threatening conditions Examples of flat bones include: Sternum, vertebrae, ribs Sternum, radius, scapula Femur, tibia, vertebrae Sternum, scapula, ribs - CORRECT ANSWER Sternum, scapula, ribs The central nervous system is composed on the Brain and spinal cord Motor and sensory nerves Spinal cord and sensory nerves Brain and sensory nerves - CORRECT ANSWER Brain and spinal cord Heart muscle is called the: Pericardium Epicardium Myocardium Endocardium - CORRECT ANSWER Myocardium When a life threatening condition is discovered during the primary assessment: Immediately skip to the focused trauma assessment Note it and correct it during the detailed assessment Manage the problem immediately Note it on the patient care report and let the hospital deal with it. - CORRECT ANSWER Manage the problem immediately Which of the following is the proper sequence to initially assess pt's vital functions? Airway, circulation, breathing Airway, breathing, circulation Breathing, circulation, airway Circulation, airway, breathing - CORRECT ANSWER Airway, breathing, circulation When using the mneumoic DCAP-BTLS during trauma assessment, the "A" is a reminder to assess for: Amputations Allergies Anxiety Abrasion - CORRECT ANSWER Abrasion An unstable pt should be assessed every: 30 minutes 15 minutes 10 minutes 5 minutes - CORRECT ANSWER 5 minutes White blood cells are also known as: Plasma Platelets Erythrocytes Leukocytes - CORRECT ANSWER Leukocytes Almost all bleeding can be controlled by: Elevation Direct pressure Pressure points Packing the wound - CORRECT ANSWER Direct pressure Stridor indicates: Lower airway obstruction Upper airway obstruction Fluid in the oropharynx Bronchospasms - CORRECT ANSWER Upper airway obstruction Which patients get Narcan/ Naloxon? - CORRECT ANSWER Patients on Opioids What is the comprehensive sheet that tells EMR what a patient wishes to be treated for? - CORRECT ANSWER MOLST How much Narcan do we use? And where do we apply it? - CORRECT ANSWER 2 mg spray 1mg in each nostril What do the colors represent? Black-? Red-? Green-? Yellow-? Orange-? - CORRECT ANSWER Black- Death Red-Critical Green-Walking WOunded Yellow- Between Red and Green Orange-no idea Who directs which hospital the patients go to in a mass medical emergency type incident? - CORRECT ANSWER Incident Commander (Or go to closest available hospital) What does ALTE stand for? - CORRECT ANSWER Apparent Life Threatening Events What does BRUE stand for? - CORRECT ANSWER Brief Resolved Unexplained Event In what situation would you not provide medical care to an unresponsive patient? - CORRECT ANSWER If you find a DNR bracelet on them [Show More]

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