Peds Final Exam Practice 87 Questions with Verified Answers,100% CORRECT

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Peds Final Exam Practice 87 Questions with Verified Answers A nurse is caring for a child who has had watery diarrhea for the past 3 days. Which of the following is an appropriate action for the ... nurse to take? A. offer chicken broth B. initiate oral rehydration therapy C. start hypertonic IV solution D. keep NPO until diarrhea subsides - CORRECT ANSWER B. initiate oral rehydration therapy replaces loss of electrolytes A nurse is caring for a child who is suspected to have Enterobius vermicularis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. perform tape test B. collect stool specimen for culture C. test stool for occult blood D. initiate IV fluids - CORRECT ANSWER A. perform tape test A nurse is assessing a child who has a rotavirus infection. Which of the following are expected findings? (select all that apply) A. fever B. vomiting C. watery stools D. bloody stools E. confusion - CORRECT ANSWER A, B, C A nurse is teaching a group of parents about Salmonella. Which of the following information should be included in the teaching? (select all that apply) A. incubation period is nonspecific B. it is a bacterial infection C. bloody diarrhea is common D. transmission can be from house pets E. antibiotics are used for treatment - CORRECT ANSWER B,C,D A nurse is teaching a group of parents about E. coli. Which of the following should be included in the teaching? (select all that apply) A. severe abdominal cramping occurs B. water diarrhea is present for more than 5 days C. it can lead to hemolytic uremic syndrome D. it is a foodborne pathogen E. antibiotics are given for treatment - CORRECT ANSWER A, C, D A nurse is assessing an infant who has hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (select all that apply) A. projectile vomiting B. dry mucous membranes C. currant jelly stools D. sausage-shaped abdominal mass E. constant hunger - CORRECT ANSWER A, B, E A nurse is caring for a child who has Hirschsprung's Disease. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. encourage high-fiber, low-protein, low-calorie diet B. prepare family for surgery C. place NG tube for decompression D. initiate bed rest - CORRECT ANSWER B. prepare family for surgery surgery is required to remove affected segment of intestine A nurse is caring for an infant who has just returned from PACU following cleft lip and palate repair. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Remove the packing in the mouth B. Place the infant in an upright position C. Offer a pacifier with sucrose D. Assess the mouth with a tongue blade - CORRECT ANSWER B. place infant in an upright position this will facilitate drainage & prevent aspiration A nurse is caring for a child who has Meckel's diverticulum. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply). A. Abdominal pain B. Fever C. Mucus and blood in stools D. Vomiting E. Rapid, shallow breathing - CORRECT ANSWER A, C A nurse is teaching a parent of an infant about gastrointestinal reflux disease. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply). A. Offer frequent feedings B. Thicken formula with rice cereal C. Use a bottle with a one way valve D. Position baby upright after feedings E. Use a wide based nipple for feedings - CORRECT ANSWER A,B,D A 16-month-old has a history of diarrhea for 3 days with poor oral intake. He received intravenous fluids, has tolerated some oral fluids in the emergency department, and is being discharged home. Instructions for diet for this child should include: A. BRAT diet (bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast) for 24 hours, then a soft diet as tolerated B. Chicken or beef broth for 24 hours, then resume a soft diet C. Offer a regular diet as child's appetite warrants D. Keep on clear liquids and toast for - CORRECT ANSWER C. offer a regular diet as child's appetite warrants A 5-month-old infant is seen in the well-child clinic for a complaint of vomiting and failure to grow. His birth weight was 7 lb, and he now weighs 8 lb, 10 oz. The infant's mother reports that he is taking 4 to 7 oz of formula every 4 to 5 hours, but he "spits up a lot after eating and then is hungry again." The child is noted to be alert but appears malnourished. The mother reports that his stools are brown in color, and he has 1 to 2 bowel movements every day. Based on these findings, the nur - CORRECT ANSWER B. hypertrophic pyloric stenosis Because children with celiac disease must limit their intake of products containing gluten in wheat, rye, oats, and barley, they are at risk for which of the following nutritional deficiencies? Select all that apply. A. Iron deficiency anemia B. Folic acid deficiency C. Zinc deficiency D. Vitamin A, D, E, and K deficiency E. Vitamin B12 deficiency - CORRECT ANSWER A,B,D A formerly preterm infant who had surgery for necrotizing enterocolitis is now 6 months old and has short-bowel syndrome. He is unable to absorb most nutrients taken by mouth and is totally dependent on parenteral nutrition, which he receives via a central venous catheter. The clinic nurse following this infant is aware that this infant should be closely observed for the development of: A. Gastroesophageal reflux B. Chronic diarrhea C. Cholestasis D. Failure to thrive - CORRECT ANSWER C. cholestasis The nurse caring for a 4-month-old infant with biliary atresia and significant urticaria can anticipate administering: A. Diphenhydramine B. Ursodiol (ursodeoxycholic acid) C. Loratadine D. Zantac - CORRECT ANSWER B. ursodiol Hepatitis A virus is transmitted by which of the following? Select all that apply. A. Breast milk from mother with HAV B. Ingestion of contaminated food C. Fecal-oral route D. Casual contact with infected person E. Blood transfusion - CORRECT ANSWER B,C A 12-year-old child is in the urgent care clinic with a complaint of fever, headache, and sore throat. A diagnosis of group A β-hemolytic streptococcus (GABHS) pharyngitis is established with a rapid-strep test, and oral penicillin is prescribed. The nurse knows which of the following statements about GABHS is correct? A. Children with a GABHS infection are less likely to contract the illness again after the antibiotic regimen is completed. B. A follow-up throat culture is recommended after the - CORRECT ANSWER C. children with GABHS infection are at increased risk for the development of rheumatic fever & glomerulonephritis A 5-year-old is recovering from a tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy and is being discharged home with his mother. Home care instructions should include which of the following? Select all that apply. A. Observe the child for continuous swallowing. B. Encourage the child to take sips of cool, clear liquids. C. Administer codeine elixir as necessary for throat pain. D. Observe the child for restlessness or difficulty breathing. E. Encourage the child to cough every 4 to 5 hours to prevent pneumonia. - CORRECT ANSWER A,B,D,F A 3-month-old infant is seen in the clinic with the following symptoms: irritability, crying, refusal to nurse for more than 2 to 3 minutes, rhinitis, and a rectal temperature of 101.8°F (38.8°C). The labor, delivery, and postpartum history for this term infant is unremarkable. The nurse anticipates a diagnosis of: A. Acute otitis media (AOM) B. Otitis media with effusion (OME) C. Otitis externa D. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) - CORRECT ANSWER A. acute otitis media A 5-year-old is seen in the urgent care clinic with the following history and symptoms: sudden onset of severe sore throat after going to bed, drooling and difficulty swallowing, axillary temperature of 102.2°F (39.0°C), clear breath sounds, and absence of cough. The child appears anxious and is flushed. Based on these symptoms and history, the nurse anticipates a diagnosis of: A. Group A β-hemolytic streptococcus (GABHS) pharyngitis B. Acute tracheitis C. Acute epiglottitis D. Acute laryngot - CORRECT ANSWER C. acute epiglottitis A 2-month-old formerly healthy infant born at term is seen in the urgent care clinic with intercostal retractions, respiratory rate of 62, heart rate of 128, refusal to breastfeed, abundant nasal secretions, and a pulse oximeter reading of 88% in room air. The diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus is made. The infant's oxygen saturation remains 95% in room air, and the respiratory rate is 54, with intercostal retractions; heart rate is 120 beats per minute. After 2 hours of observation and an - CORRECT ANSWER A,C,D,F A nurse is teaching an adolescent to self administer a corticosteroid medication using a metered-dose inhaler (MDI). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include (Select all that apply). A. Shake the device prior to use B. Rinse and expectorate after administration C. Inhale slowly with medication administration D. Exhale quickly after medication administration E. Wait 30 seconds between puffs - CORRECT ANSWER A,B,C A nurse caring for a child who is receiving oxygen therapy and is on a continuous oxygen saturation monitor that is reading 89%. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A. Increase the oxygen flow rate B. Encourage the child to take a deep breaths C. Ensure proper placement of the sensor probe D. Place the child in the Fowler's position - CORRECT ANSWER C. ensure proper placement of sensor probe A nurse in the emergency department is assessing a newly-admitted infant. Which of the following findings is an early indication of hypoxemia? A. Nonproductive cough B. Hypoventilation C. Tachypnea D. Nasal Stiffness - CORRECT ANSWER C. tachypnea A nurse is caring for a child who is receiving oxygen. Which of the following findings indicates oxygen toxicity? A. Increased blood pressure B. Hyperventilation C. Decreased PaCO2 D. Unconsciousness - CORRECT ANSWER D. unconsciousness can progress into unconscious state rapidly A nurse is caring for a child who is receiving a bronchodilator medication by nebulizer aerosol therapy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply) A. Instruct the child that the treatment will last 30min B. Obtain vital signs prior to the procedure C. Tell the child to take slow deep breaths D. Determine if the child should use a mask E. Attach the device to an air source - CORRECT ANSWER B,C,D,E A nurse is caring for a child who has bronchiolitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply). A. Administer oral prednisone B. Intricate chest percussion and postural drainage C. Administer humidified oxygen D. Suction the nasopharynx as needed E. Administer oral penicillin - CORRECT ANSWER C, D A nurse is teaching a group of guardians about influenza. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "Amantadine will prevent the illness" B. "Rimantadine is administered intramuscularly" C. "Zanamivir can be given to children 1 year and older" D. "Oseltamivir should be given within 48 hours of onset of manifestations" - CORRECT ANSWER D. oseltamivir should be given within 48 hours onset of manifestations can decrease flu manifestations in clients who have findings for less than 48 hours A nurse is caring for a child who is in the postoperative period following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following is a clinical findings of postoperative bleeding? A. Hgb 11.6 and Hct 37% B. Inflamed and reddened throat C. Frequent swallowing and clearing of the throat D. Blood tinged mucus - CORRECT ANSWER C. frequent swallowing & clearing of throat indicates that there is an increased amount of fluid in the back of the throat, which is a clinical finding in the client who is experiencing postop bleeding A nurse is caring for a child in the postoperative period following a tonsillectomy. Which of the actions should the nurse take? A. Encourage the child to blow her nose gently B. Administer analgesic on a schedule C. Offer orange juice D. Position the child supine - CORRECT ANSWER B. administer analgesics on a schedule A nurse is assessing a child who has epiglottitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply). A. Hoarseness and difficulty speaking B. Difficulty swallowing C. Low grade fever D. Drooling E. Dry, barking cough F. Stridor - CORRECT ANSWER A,B,D,F A nurse is assessing a child who has asthma. Which of the following are indications of deterioration in the child's respiratory status? (Select all that apply). A. Oxygen saturation 95% B. Wheezing C. Retraction of sternal muscles D. Warm extremities E. Nasal flaring - CORRECT ANSWER B,C,E A nurse is teaching an adolescent about the appropriate use of his asthma medications. Which of the following medications should the nurse instruct the client to use as needed before exercise? A. Fluticasone/salmeterol B. Montelukast C. Prednisone D. Albuterol - CORRECT ANSWER D. albuterol used for bronchodilation, it is quick acting & should be administered prior to exercise to provide immediate relief of bronchoconstriction A nurse is planning care for a child who has asthma. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply). A. Perform chest percussion B. Place the child in an upright position C. Monitor oxygen saturation D. Administer bronchodilators E. Administer dornase alfa daily - CORRECT ANSWER B,C,D A nurse is teaching a child who has asthma how to use a peak flow meter. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply). A. Zero the meter before each use B. Record the average of the attempts C. Perform three attempts D. Deliver along, slow breath into the meter E. Sit it a chair with feet on the floor - CORRECT ANSWER A,C A nurse is discussing risk factors for asthma with a group of newly licensed nurses. Which of the following conditions should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply). A. Family history of asthma B. Family history of allergies C. Exposure to smoke D. Low birth weight E. Being underweight - CORRECT ANSWER A,B,C,D A nurse is reviewing the diagnostic findings for a preschool age child who is suspected of having cystic fibrosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of cystic fibrosis? A. Sweat chloride content 85 mEq/L B. Increased blood levels of fat-soluble vitamins C. 72 hour stool analysis sample indicating hard, packed stools D. Chest x-ray negative for atelectasis - CORRECT ANSWER A. sweat chloride content 85 mEq/L this level is above expected range which indicate cystic fibrosis A nurse is admitting a child who has cystic fibrosis. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply). A. Tobramycin B. Loperamide C. Fat soluble vitamins D. Albuterol E. Dornase alfa - CORRECT ANSWER A,C,D,E A nurse is performing an admission assessment for a child who has cystic fibrosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply) A. Wheezing B. Clubbing of fingers and toes C. Barrel-shaped chest D. Thin, watery mucus E. Rapid growth spurts - CORRECT ANSWER A,B,C A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a child who has cystic fibrosis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. Provide a low calorie, low protein diet B. Administer pancreatic enzymes with meals and snacks C. Implement a fluid restriction during times of infection D. Restrict physical activity - CORRECT ANSWER B. administer pancreatic enzymes with meals & snacks children with CF have pancreatic insufficiency , administer pancreatic enzymes 30 mins into eating a meal or snack You are working with a new graduate on the pediatric unit and your patient is returning from the cardiac catheterization laboratory. You feel the graduate understands the important nursing interventions when she says which of the following? Select all that apply. A. "Check pulses, especially below the catheterization site, for equality and symmetry." B. "Check vital signs, which may be taken as frequently as every 30 to 45 minutes, with special emphasis on the heart rate, which is counted for 1 - CORRECT ANSWER A,D You are working with a family with a child who has a congenital heart defect. Future surgery is planned, and you are teaching the parent how to reduce cardiac demands. The parent needs more teaching when she says which of the following? A. "I will wake my child for feeding every 2 hours so he can get enough calories to gain weight." B. "When I give the digoxin, I will listen to the pulse for 1 full minute." C. "I should protect my child from people who have respiratory infections." D. "I will co - CORRECT ANSWER A. "I will wake my child for feeding every 2 hours so he can get enough calories to gain weight." Which heart defect and hemodynamic change pairing is correct? A. Aortic stenosis and obstruction to blood flow out of the heart B. Ventricular septal defect and decreased pulmonary blood flow C. Tricuspid atresia and increased pulmonary blood flow D. Atrioventricular canal and mixed blood flow, in which saturated and desaturated blood mix within the heart or great arteries - CORRECT ANSWER A. aortic stenosis & obstruction to blood flow out of the heart You are discharging a 5-week-old infant with a congenital heart defect who will be going home on digoxin. Which of the following answers by the father indicate the need for more teaching? Select all that apply. A. "I know I give the drug carefully by slowly directing it to the side and back of the mouth." B. "I give the medication every 12 hours, and I can place it in a bit of formula so I know the baby will take it." C. "If I miss a dose, I don't give an extra dose, but I give the next dose as - CORRECT ANSWER B,D You are working in the pediatric clinic, and a child presents with symptoms that are suspicious of the acute phase of Kawasaki disease. Which of the following symptoms are included? Select all that apply. A. Periungual desquamation (peeling that begins under the fingertips and toes) of the hands and feet is present. B. The bulbar conjunctivae of the eyes become reddened, with clearing around the iris. C. A temporary arthritis is evident, which may affect the larger weight-bearing joints. D. Infl - CORRECT ANSWER B,D A nurse is assessing an infant who has coarctation of the aorta. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply). A. Weak femoral pulses B. Cool skin of lower extremities C. Severe cyanosis D. Clubbing of the fingers E. Low blood pressure - CORRECT ANSWER A,B,E A nurse is assessing an infant who has heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply). A. Bradycardia B. Cool extremities C. Peripheral edema D. Increased urinary output E. Nasal flaring - CORRECT ANSWER B,C,E A nurse is providing teaching to the caregiver of an infant who has a prescription for digoxin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. "Do not offer your baby fluids after giving the medication" B. "Digoxin increases your baby's heart rate" C. "Give the correct dose of medication at regularly scheduled times" D. "If your baby vomits a dose, you should repeat the dose to ensure that the correct amount is received" - CORRECT ANSWER C. "give the correct dose of medication at regularly scheduled times" maintains therapeutic blood levels A nurse is caring for a 2-year old shield who has a heart defect and is scheduled for cardiac catheterization. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Place on NPO status for 12 hr prior to the procedure B. Check for iodine or shellfish allergies prior to the procedure C. Elevate the affected extremity following the procedure D. Limit fluid intake following the procedure - CORRECT ANSWER B. check for iodine or shellfish allergies prior to procedure A nurse is caring for a child who is suspected of having rheumatic fever. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply). A. Erythema marginatum (rash) B. Continuous joint pin of the digits C.Tender, subcutaneous nodules D. Decreased erythrocyte sedimentation rate E. Elevated C-reactive protein - CORRECT ANSWER A,E You are the nurse assigned to care for a child with a basilar skull fracture. Your most important nursing observation is a change in level of consciousness. You will be highly alert for: A. Alterations in vital signs that often appear before alterations in consciousness or focal neurologic signs B. Bleeding from the ear, which is indicative of an anterior basal skull fracture C. Seizures that are relatively uncommon in children at the time of head injury D. Changes in posturing, such as any sign - CORRECT ANSWER D. Changes in posturing, such as any signs of extension or flexion posturing, unusual response to stimuli, random vs. purposeful movement As the nurse assigned to a child diagnosed with bacterial meningitis, you know that: A. The child will not need to be placed in isolation because antibiotics have been started B. Enteric precautions will remain in place for up to 48 hours C. Respiratory isolation will remain in place for 24 hours after antibiotics are started D. Due to headache, the child will want the head of the bed elevated with two pillows - CORRECT ANSWER C. respiratory isolation will remain in place for 24 hours after antibiotics are started You are working with a pediatric nurse who has just transferred to the pediatric clinic. You are role-playing phone triage related to a child with a head injury. You ascertain that the nurse needs more teaching based on what response? A. "After initial physical examination, if there was no loss of consciousness with the head injury, the child can be observed at home." B. "If there is a language barrier, written instructions can be given, followed by discharge." C. "Another physical examination s - CORRECT ANSWER B. "if there is a language barrier, written instructions can be given, followed by discharge" You are caring for a child with hydrocephalus who is postoperative from a shunt revision. Which assessment finding is your priority for increased intracranial pressure? A. Nausea and refusal to eat postoperatively B. Complaint of a headache C. Irritability and wanting to sleep D. Decrease in heart rate over the last hour - CORRECT ANSWER D. decrease in heart rate over last hour You are working with a family that brought their child into the pediatric clinic. The mother describes what may be a type of seizure. What subjective data will help you determine the type? Select all that apply. A. The presence or absence of an aura B. If the child appeared disoriented after the seizure C. Presence of vomiting after the seizure D. The duration of the seizure E. If the seizure was related to certain foods or occurred after a certain activity - CORRECT ANSWER A,B,D The most common complication that should be anticipated and observed for in an infant with myelomeningocele after surgical repair of the defect is: A. Urinary stress B. Chiari malformation C. Hydrocephalus D. Latex allergy - CORRECT ANSWER C. hydrocephalus A 14-year-old male with a spinal cord injury is placed on a standing table and suddenly begins to sweat profusely and complain of a headache. The nurse takes a set of vital signs and notes a significant increase in systolic blood pressure and a heart rate of 50 beats per minute. The most helpful intervention in this situation would be for the nurse to: A. Place the adolescent back in his wheelchair and take him to his room B. Palpate the bladder for distention C. Administer a routine analgesic f - CORRECT ANSWER B. palpate the bladder for distention The primary risk factor for the development of cerebral palsy is: A. Maternal chorioamnionitis B. Premature birth C. Birth asphyxia D. Intraventricular hemorrhage - CORRECT ANSWER B. premature birth Urinary system distress (neurogenic bladder) in children with spina bifida is managed by: A. DDAVP (1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin) B. Clean intermittent catheterization C. Continuous urinary catheterization D. Mitrofanoff procedure - CORRECT ANSWER B. clean intermittent catheterization Which of these statements accurately describes Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD)? Select all that apply. A. The absence of dystrophin leads to muscle fiber degeneration. B. DMD is inherited as an X-linked recessive trait. C. Cognitive and intellectual impairment are rare in children with DMD. D. Affected children have a waddling gait and lordosis and fall frequently. E. Ambulation usually becomes impossible by 12 years of age, and affected children are confined to a wheelchair. F. affected child - CORRECT ANSWER A,B,D,E A nurse is caring for a client who has suspected meningitis and a decreased level of consciousness. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Place the client on NPO status. B. Prepare the client for a liver biopsy. C. Position the client dorsal recumbent. D. Put the client in a protective environment. - CORRECT ANSWER A. Place client on NPO status due to decreased LOC & to prevent aspiration A nurse is reviewing cerebrospinal fluid analysis for a client who has suspected meningitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as indicating viral meningitis? (Select all that apply.) A. Negative Gram stain B. Normal glucose content C. Cloudy color D. Decreased WBC count E. Normal protein content - CORRECT ANSWER A,B,E A nurse is assessing a 4-month-old infant who has meningitis. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect? A. Depressed anterior fontanel B. Constipation C. Presence of the rooting reflex D. high-pitched cry - CORRECT ANSWER D. high pitched cry association with meningitis between ages 3 mo-2yrs A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has Reye syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a risk factor for Reye syndrome? A. Recent history of infectious cystitis caused by Candida B. Recent history of bacterial otitis media C. Recent episode of gastroenteritis D. Recent episode of Haemophilus influenzae meningitis - CORRECT ANSWER C. recent episode of gastroenteritis gastroenteritis is a viral illness which is a risk factor for developing Reye syndrome. Reye syndrome typically follows viral illness such as influenza, gastroenteritis, or varicella A nurse is developing an educational program about viral and bacterial meningitis. The nurse should include that the introduction of which of the following immunizations decreased the incidence of bacterial meningitis in children? (Select all that apply.) A. Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) B. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) C. Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis vaccine (DTaP) D. Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) vaccine E. Trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) - CORRECT ANSWER B,D A nurse is caring for a child who has absence seizures. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.) A. Loss of consciousness B. Appearance of daydreaming C. Dropping held objects D. Falling to the floor E. Having a piercing cry - CORRECT ANSWER A,B,C A nurse is caring for a child who just experienced a generalized seizure. Which of the following is the priority action for the nurse to take? A. Position the child in a side-lying position. B. Try to determine the seizure trigger. C. Reorient the child to the environment. D. Note the time of the postictal period. - CORRECT ANSWER A. position child in side-lying position after seizures, children usually experience vomiting, this will prevent aspiration of secretions A nurse is providing teaching to the guardians of a child who is to have an electroencephalogram (EEG). Which of the following statements, by a guardian indicates teaching was effective? A. "Decaffeinated beverages should be offered on the morning of the procedure" B. "I cannot wash my child's hair prior to the procedure." C. "I should not give my child anything to eat prior to the procedure." D. "This procedure will be very painful for my child." - CORRECT ANSWER A. "Decaffeinated beverages should be offered on the morning of the procedure" A nurse is teaching a group of caregivers about the risk factors for seizures. Which of the following factors should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.) A. Febrile episodes B. Hypoglycemia C. Sodium imbalances D. Low blood lead levels E. Presence of diphtheria - CORRECT ANSWER A,B,C A nurse is reviewing treatment options with the guardian of a child who has worsening seizures. Which of the following treatment options should the nurse include in the discussion? (Select all that apply.) A. Vagal nerve stimulator B. Additional antiepileptic medications C. Corpus callosotomy D. Focal resection E. Radiation therapy - CORRECT ANSWER A,B,C,D A nurse in the emergency department is assessing a child following a motor-vehicle crash. The child is unresponsive, has spontaneous respirations of 22/min, and has a laceration on the forehead that is bleeding. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A. Stabilize the child's neck. B. Clean the child's laceration with soap and water. C. Implement seizure precautions for the child. D. Initiate IV access for the child. - CORRECT ANSWER A. stabilize neck greatest risk is cervical injury, keep neck stabilized until this can be ruled out A nurse is caring for an adolescent who has a closed head injury. Which of the following findings are indications of increased intracranial pressure (ICP)? (Select all that apply.) A. Report of headache B. Alteration in pupillary response C. Increased motor response D. Increased sleeping E. Increased sensory response - CORRECT ANSWER A,B,D A nurse is caring for a child who has ICP. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.) A. Suction the endotracheal tube every 2 hr. B. Maintain a quiet environment. C. Use two pillows to elevate the head. D. Administer a stool softener. E. Maintain body alignment. - CORRECT ANSWER B,D,E A nurse is assessing a child who has a concussion. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.) A. Amnesia B. Systemic hypertension C. Bradycardia D. Respiratory depression E. Confusion - CORRECT ANSWER A,E A nurse is caring for a child who is taking mannitol for cerebral edema. Which of the findings should the nurse monitor for as an adverse effect of mannitol? A. Bradycardia B. Weight loss C. Confusion D. Constipation - CORRECT ANSWER C. confusion could be an indication of electrolyte imbalance A nurse is caring for a child who has cerebral palsy. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer to treat painful muscle spasms? (Select all that apply). A. Baclofen B. Diazepam C. Oxybutynin D. Methotrexate E. Prednisone - CORRECT ANSWER A,B A nurse is developing a plan of care for a toddler who has cerebral palsy. Which of the following actions should the nurse include? A. Structure interventions according to toddler's chronological age B. Evaluate the toddler's need for an evaluation of hearing ability C. Monitor the toddler's pain level routinely using a numeric rating scale D. Provide total care for daily hygiene activities - CORRECT ANSWER B. evaluate the toddler's need for an evaluation of hearing ability CP poses an increased risk of hearing impairments A nurse is caring for a school age child who has juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Which of the following home care instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply). A. Provide extra time for completion of ADL's B. Use cold compresses for joint pain C. Take ibuprofen on an empty stomach D. Remain home during periods of exacerbation E. Perform ROM exercises - CORRECT ANSWER A,E A nurse is caring for a child who has muscular dystrophy. For which of the following findings should the nurse assess? (Select all that apply). A. Purposeless, involuntary, abnormal movements B. Spinal defect and saclike protrusion C. Muscular weakness in lower extremities D. Unsteady, wide based or waddling gait E. Upward slant to the eyes - CORRECT ANSWER C,D A nurse is caring for an infant who has myelomeningoceles. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the preoperative plan of care? A. Assist the caregiver with cuddling with infant B. Assess the infant's temperature rectally C. Place the infant in a supine position D. Apply a sterile, moist dressing on the sac - CORRECT ANSWER D. apply a sterile, moist dressing on the sac sterile, moist, non-adhering dressing is placed on the sac to keep it moist until surgery A nurse is reviewing sick-day management with a parent of a child who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.) A. Monitor blood glucose levels every 3 hr. B. Discontinue taking insulin until feeling better. C. Drink 8 oz of fruit juice every hour. D. Test urine for ketones. E. Call the provider if blood glucose is greater than 240 mg/dL. - CORRECT ANSWER A,D,E A nurse is teaching a child who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about self-care. Which of the following statements by the child indicates understanding of the teaching? A. "I should skip breakfast when I am not hungry." B. "I should increase my insulin with exercise." C. "I should drink a glass of milk when I am feeling irritable." D. "I should draw up the NPH insulin into the syringe before the regular insulin." - CORRECT ANSWER C. "I should drink a glass of milk when I am feeling irritable" early manifestation of hypoglycemia is irritability, drinking a glass of milk (approx 15g of carbs) indicates understanding A nurse is caring for a child who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following are manifestations of diabetic ketoacidosis? (Select all that apply.) A. Blood glucose 58 mg/dL B. Weight gain C. Dehydration D. Mental confusion E. Fruity breath - CORRECT ANSWER C,D,E A nurse is teaching a school-age child who has diabetes mellitus about insulin administration. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "You should inject the needle at a 30-degree angle." B. "You should combine your glargine and regular insulin in the same syringe." C. "You should aspirate for blood before injecting the insulin." D. "You should give four to five injections in one area before switching sites." - CORRECT ANSWER D. "you should give 4-5 injections before switching sites" A nurse is teaching an adolescent who has diabetes mellitus about manifestations of hypoglycemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.) A. Increased urination B. Hunger C. Poor skin turgor D. Irritability E. Sweating and pallor F. Kussmaul respirations - CORRECT ANSWER B,D,E When assessing a child's injury in the emergency department, a nurse suspects physical abuse. Based on this suspicion, the nurse's primary legal responsibility is to: A. Assist the family in identifying resources for support B. Report the case in which the abuse is suspected to the local authorities C. Document the child's physical assessment findings accurately and thoroughly D. Refer the family to the hospital support group - CORRECT ANSWER B. report the case in which the abuse is suspected to local authorities Nursing care of a child in the hospital with suspected abuse should include which of the following actions? A. Assign a variety of nurses to the child so that he can get to know and trust the whole staff B. Praise the child's ability to minimize feelings of shame and guilt C. Treat the child as someone with a specific problem, not as an "abuse" victim to promote self esteem and minimize feelings of guilt D. Talk with and ask questions as often as possible to show interest and get to know the chi - CORRECT ANSWER C. treat the child as someone with a specific problem, not as an "abuse" victim to promote self esteem & minimize feelings of guilt [Show More]

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