SOCS 325 Week 4 Midterm Exam (LATEST UPDATE) Questions and Answer elaborations

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SOCS 325 Week 4 Midterm Eam Question 1. Question : (TCO 1) Which of the following is a predicted outcome of continued global warming? Student Answer: A ... shift in climate zones Changes in rainfall patterns Rising sea levels Instructor Explanation: All of the above Chapter 1, page 7. Question 2. Question : (TCO 2) The Conservation Reserve Program was funded in the United States to conserve which of the following precious resources? Student Answer: Water Soil Petroleum Instructor Explanation: Recyclable plastics Chapter 1, page 15. Question 3. Question : (TCO 3) Environmental goods & environmental bads are: Student Answer: Instructor Explanation: on the whole, evenly distributed among the peoples of the earth. disproportionately distributed so that the middle-class must foot the bill. unevenly distributed so that those with the least power get the most pollution. distributed in a way that those who gain the most benefit also experience the most cost. Chapter 1, pages 19-21. Question 4. Question : (TCO 4) According to the economist Fred Hirsch, a "positional good" is a good or commodity: Student Answer: that places you in a high status position relative to those who don't possess it. that is desirable because of short supply or limited access. that is desirable because it has a high price tag. Instructor Explanation: All of the above Chapter 2, page 42. Question 5. Question : (TCO 5) Of the many techniques advertisers use to persuade customers to purchase goods, which is the most effective? Student Answer: Instructor Explanation: Appeal to sentiments--accentuating affection, love, belongingness, community, patriotism, & other values that may be conferred upon the consumer by acquisition of the product Price advertising--appealing to the financial concerns of consumers "You" or status advertising--suggesting the product is offered out of concern for you & will provide heightened prestige to those who acquire it (the product) Green advertising--appealing to the environmental concerns of consumers Chapter 2, page 47-48. Question 6. Question : (TCO 6) According to your text, automobiles are implicated in which of the following environmental problems? Student Answer: Acid rain Reduced fertility in animal species Oil spills All of the above Instructor Chapter 3, pages 77-78. Explanation: Question 7. Question : (TCO 7) Amartya Sen argues that famine is the result of: Student Answer: drought. pestilence. lack of money to buy food. Instructor Explanation: the breakdown in food entitlement systems. Chapter 4, page 97. Question 8. Question : (TCO 7) Which of the following does Sen claim will NOT insure food availability? Student Answer: Instructor Explanation: Dependable food imports Land reform Steady employment Democracy Chapter 4, pages 97-98. Question 9. Question : (TCO 3) Smog is responsible for which of the following? Student Answer: Instructor Explanation: An estimated 50,000-180,000 premature deaths in the U.S. annually A global reduction in agricultural productivity Extensive damage to forests All of the above Chapter 1, Page 14 Question 10. Question : (TCO 5) According to your text, what is the leading cause of death in the U.S. for individuals between the ages of 1 & 35? Student Answer: AIDS Youth-on-youth violence Traffic accidents Instructor Explanation: Environmental exposure to toxins Chapter 3, Pages 76-77 Page: * Times are displayed in (GMT-07:00) Mountain Time (US & Canada) 1. Question : (TCO 1) Define environmental sociology & what environmental sociologists study. If you were an environmental sociologist, explain your daily day. Compare & contrast how environmental sociologists differ from other types of sociologists. Student Answer: Environmental Sociology is best described as studying the way people's behaviors are around them such as the their natural physical Instructor Explanation: environment & social human behavior. Environmental Sociologists study the environment all around people, ecological issues, & the many threats that are or can be impacting society & the world. Environmental Sociologists differ from other sociologists because in their study they focus on how people as a whole all around the world impact their environment. Environmental sociologists also differ because they also study environmental problems & issues caused by humans. Environmental sociologists want to find solutions, & viable ways to most if not all environmental problems. Environmental Sociology focuses on the interaction & intersection of the natural physical environment & social human behavior. Environmental Sociologists study the environmental & ecological issues & threats that face our society & planet today. Environmental Sociologists focus on how humans impact their environment & how they cause many of these environmental problems & issues. One of the main goals of an Environmental Sociologist is to try to come up with viable & very relevant solutions to many of these environmental problems & issues. Question 2. Question : (TCO 2) Explain the impact of consumerism on the environment. Compare & contrast the relationship between consumerism & industry; more specifically how our society can more away from petroleum & more toward cleaner forms of energy & resources to become more sustainable. Student Answer: The world's population stresses the planets environment by increasing productivity for resources & the increase demand for these resources. As societies & worldwide populations grow the increased demand for these resources further stresses the planets environment. World governments & sociologist focus their efforts on two resources such as the need for oil & coal. Society cannot be perfect in all cleaner forms of energy but we can be more vigilant as a society to come up with more efficient ways to be cleaner in order create more sustainable planet. Environmental Sociologists are always looking for better solutions & ideas to these issues everyday in order to create more sustainability around the world. Instructor Explanation: Our societies ever increase demand for resources further stresses the Earth's environment. As the human population continues to grow, there is more demand & stress on these resources. Most relevant is the strong focus & need for oil & coal. One would just have to monitor the news to see some very big oil spills & miners either killed or put in very hazardous working conditions. Of course, no one is asking that we totally stop using these resources, but we must as a society come up with more efficient ways to create more sustainability. Environmental Sociologists are often called to take on these issues. Question 3. Question : (TCO 4) Describe how consumption & materialism impact the physical environment? Give a few examples. Can our society continue to practice materialism & at the same time still become more sustainable? What are some things we overconsume? Student Answer: Materialism & its impact to the physical environment can be described as the need for people's accumulation of resources & materials which are not used for survival. Societies lust for consumption & materialism takes from Earth's resources. Research shows that people measure happiness by collecting materials because they believe it will make them feel better. Also research shows that people feel a sense of self worth & accomplishment, & an increase in self esteem by being materialistic. Some things we must overcome are to not be so materialistic because depleting the planets natural resources & over consumption has an impact on the environment. Instructor Explanation: The consumption of the Earth's materials takes a major impact on the physical environment. Have you ever thought about how many materials go into creating the computer that you are currently on? Where does it all come from? Most material is mined from various places all around the Earth. Some of this mining is done deep in the ground & materials are brought to the surface. Other mining is done closer to the surface in open pit mines. This mining impacts humans in the form of accidents, which injures & even kills hundreds of miners each year. Also, this mining often causes air, water, & even noise pollution. This whole process of creating material goods from start (creation), middle (marketing, selling, & consumption), & end (either holding on to it, reusing it, selling it, recycling it, or throwing it out) is called the "cradle-to-grave lifestyle." It should also be noted that consumption & materialism also impacts people by pressuring them to work harder & so they can afford to purchase more material goods. This often creates stress in a person's professional & personal life. People today seem to be working harder & longer than in the past as well as taking less vacations & personal time. Of course, this varies depending on region/country. Figure 2.2 in the course readings show the relationship of mandated vacation time per country. Can this pattern continue to increase? Is there a limit? Will some people actually burn out from all of this? There have been many incidents of slave labor & materials made in sweat shots in other countries. Many USA businesses have gotten in trouble for purchasing their goods from these countries that practice these inhumane activities. And finally, we obviously can't over consume all of these materials forever. We must come up with some solutions on how we can create a more sustainable global society. How can we do this? What we need to do is reduce, reuse, & recycle as well as come up with new green technologies & alternative fuels. This is easier said than done of course because this involves a lot of money & deals with many different issues of global & local politics. Question 4. Question : (TCO 6) Describe green technology's impact on the global economy & environment. How is green technology being used worldwide in our society? Compare & contrast the pros & cons of green technology. Student Answer: Most worldwide societies are against the use of green technologies & at the moment there is no strong movement to move in this direction. Today some economists believe that green technologies will affect global economies. It can be said that the current global economies create inequality which in turn adds to population over consumption of resources. Green technology can be intertwined within society as a useful tool to have. The reality is that the global economy is set in its ways on how resources are extracted & used around the world. Green technology is a new technology but with this new "tool" we can create a better sustainable environment. Basically having green technology mixed in with our current technologies can make it so that we treat the environment around us better & cleaner. A better sustainable global environment which creates a better social, political, & economic society. Instructor Explanation: If changing our reliance on coal & oil energy to power our society to more green energy (solar, wind, nuclear, hydroelectric, etc.) was easy, everyone would be doing it right? Why isn't it easier? Unfortunately, money, global economics, & global politics get in the way of this which is why we study Environmental Sociology. Many countries have slowly gone to using more of these green technologies but still mostly rely on oil & coal for the majority of their energy production. Do we have to wait until we fully fun out of oil & coal before our global society will be forced to change to more green technologies? Or do we have to wait until the price of obtaining cheap oil & gas is diminished? Isn't a more comprehensive approach in order now where we can slowly phase out oil & gas & move toward more green technologies? And finally, we must learn as a global society to use positive externalities to create better social, economic, psychological, & political decision making in order to create a more sustainable society which still supports overall growth & prosperity without negative environmental impact. This has to be done through a global dialog. Who & how can we get this dialog started? Question 5. Question : (TCO 7) Given the relationship between population growth & environmental impacts, assess resource utilization theories & population size while examining the effects of this relationship on debt. How does this relate to poverty & hunger? Also, describe how this relates to environmental racism & global inequality. Student Answer: All we have to do is look on the news & society around us. Cities around the United States are littered with impoverished people & the homeless. America is the land of the free but at what cost? The system is set up that everything we want or do has some form of high tax. It would be different if taxes were low & had very little impact to our pay checks but they don't & create debt. To me this causes poverty & hunger. When ones world sees that one race has more opportunities than another race there will be racial tension. Current global economies created global inequality & my concern is when is enough money to be made enough? Everyone here in America has opportunities but not all opportunities are accessible to everyone. Jobs need to pay more so that a person has a living wage so that they can pay their bills & have some sort of semblance in life. All these issues create environmental racism & tension among all races. Instructor Explanation: We have been seeing many of the technological & industrial advanced countries like the USA become richer & richer where as many of the third world countries have become poorer & poorer. This often leads to many debt issues for these third world countries. One example of this is the country of Haiti. Many dominant & technological & industrial advanced countries often profit off of many of these poorer third world counties & increase their overall debt, poverty, & hunger rates & issues. Those countries that cannot control their ever increasing populations often fall into issues of debt. In the long run, the more countries that come into debt only bring down other countries. History has shown that we all must progress as a global society to be successful. If too many countries/people try to do this individually, it does not work. This is the whole idea of teamwork. We can't have a successful global society where the rich keep getting richer & the poor keep getting poorer. Page: * Times are displayed in (GMT-07:00) Mountain Time (US & Canada) Pearson. Retrieved from http://online.vitalsource.com Respond Collapse Mark as Read RE: Documenation & Reimbursement Shelly Earlywine Email this Author 2/4/2015 5:53:31 PM Choua, Every system has to have a checks & balances in place. Without them, then that is where the system becomes congested & we don't get paid in healthcare. Good Post! Thanks, Shelly Respond (an instructor response) Collapse Mark as Read RE: Documenation & Reimbursement Instructor Starrett Email this Author 2/7/2015 12:38:08 PM Thank you for your post Choua. In organizations, there may be the technologies in place to help with the documentation but as you state they need to be used. We need to consider the weakest link & unfortunately sometimes it is the staff that is the weakest link. Sometimes it is due to training, sometimes misunderstanding & yet other times may be due to the user & their perception of what is adequate. I have some nurses that are very detailed in the assessment which translates to the reimbursement for our hospice care. Others lack the measurability to help to defend our continued services especially if we have had a patient longer than 6 months. Respond [Show More]

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