HESI A2 – GRAMMAR STUDY GUIDE 2022

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A NOUN is a word or phrase that describes a person, place, or thing. For example, the White House, Annie, book, and tree are all nouns. There are four types of nouns: common noun, proper noun, abstra... ct noun, and collective noun. ▪ Common nouns are used to describe things in general. ▪ For example, lamp, tree, and chair are all common nouns. ▪ Proper nouns are often capitalized and describe specific things, people, or places. ▪ For example, the Boston Red Sox and the White House are both proper nouns. ▪ Abstract nouns describe thingsthat one cannot observe using the five senses. ▪ For example, love, honesty, and fear are abstract nouns. ▪ Collective nouns describe a group of things or people. ▪ For example, the faculty, the herd, and the flock are all collective nouns. TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE! (Answers on Page 23) Identify the bolded word as a common, proper, abstract, or collective noun. 1. How will we get the cat down from the tree? 2. If you can’t be honest with me, I can’t trust you. 3. The jogging group meets every day at 7 A.M. __________________________ 4. I’d love to join you for dinner at The Riverside Grille tomorrow. 5. Do you think the band will add more dates since the show is already sold out? A PRONOUN is a word that is used in place of a noun. For example, he, she, that, we, and I are all pronouns. ▪ Do you see that lady across the street? ▪ I want to be in his class. TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE! (Answers on Page 23) Fill in the blank with the appropriate pronoun. 6. I think ______ lady over there used to be my first grade teacher. 7. Sometimes I borrow my sister’s makeup without asking ________ . 8. doesn’t like spinach, but he eats it because it’s healthy. 9. are all planning to go the movies after school today. 10. want to buy a cookie at lunch, but I forgot to bring extra money today. A VERB is a word or phrase that describes an action. For example, jumping, crying, and drawing are all verbs. ▪ She sang in front of the entire school. ▪ We were jumping on the trampoline when she fell. Common abstract collective proper collective that her He We I An ADVERB is a word or phrase that is used to modify a verb, adjective, or another adverb. Adverbs do not modify nouns. Many adverbs end with –ly; however, there are adverbs that do not. For example, most, least, never, very, there, and now are all adverbs that do not end with –ly. Examples of adverbs: quickly, randomly, regularly, usually, simply, happily Adverbs can tell us multiple things. First, adverbs can answer the question “When?” For example, now, daily, and never are all adverbs that answer the question “When?” ▪ If we are going to make it in time, we need to leave now. Adverbs can also answer the question “Where?” For example, here, there, and everywhere are all adverbs that answer the question “Where?” ▪ I looked everywhere for my book, but I cannot find it. Third, adverbs answer the question “How?” For example, quickly, slowly, and easily are all adverbsthat answer the question “How?” ▪ She had done that task before, so she was easily able to finish it in time. Adverbs modifying verbs: ▪ We watched her dance gracefully on the stage. (Here, the adverb gracefully modifiesthe verb dance.) ▪ He drank the most of them all. (Here, the adverb most modifies the verb drank.) Adverbs modifying adjectives: ▪ The extremely tall man stepped on my feet. (Here, the adverb extremely modifies the adjective tall.) ▪ The monster on TV was disgustingly ugly. (Here, the adverb disgustingly modifies the adjective ugly.) Adverbs modifying other adverbs: ▪ He ran the marathon unusually quickly. (Here, the adverb unusually modifiesthe adverb quickly.) [Show More]

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