Biol101 Study guide Exam 3 with Answers Biol101 Study guide Exam 3 with Answers

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Chapter 7 Genetics - Be familiar with the following terms and concepts: gene, allele, phenotype, genotype, homozygous vs heterozygous, gametes, traits. ❑ The outward appearance of an individual i... s called their phenotype. ❑ Underlying the phenotype is the genotype. • This is an organism’s genetic composition. ❑ Heredity: The passing of characteristics from parent to offspring through their genes ❑ Traits that are determined by one gene are called single-gene traits. ❑ Traits that are determined by many gene are called polygenic traits. - Mendel’s 3 principles or theories and how they relate to inheritance of genes or alleles. • Used pea plants • Looked at single gene traits • Began with True Breeding plants Mendel’s Law of Segregation: you’ve got two copies of each gene but put only one copy in each gamete (sperm or egg). At fertilization, offspring receive from each parent one allele for each gene. Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment: One gene does not affect the inheritance of another gene. Genes on different chromosomes will separate during meiosis (metaphase I) independently. [Show More]

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