*NURSING > STUDY GUIDE > NUR2407 / NUR 2407: Pharmacology Exam 2STUDY GUIDE (Latest 2021 / 2022) Rasmussen (All)
harmacology Exam 2 Study Guide Endocrine System Pituitary Gland Ovaries Testes Adrenal Thyroid Parathyroid Pancreas Glucocorticoids Used for MS (Multiple Sclerosis) Treats vario... us inflammatory conditions Ex. Prednisone, dexamethasone, hydrocortisone Contraindications: known allergy, known infection, lactation Drug-Drug interaction: Aspirin, Ibuprofen, decreased effects with barbiturates, phenytoin, rifampin Adverse effects: Increased blood glucose, increased blood pressure, delayed wound healing, fluid retention, weight gain, increased hunger, Take with food, in the morning, and taper off before stopping Hypo Thyroid Symptoms Obesity, fatigue, depressed, bradycardia, lower body temps, decreased appetite, weight gain, decreased sexual function High TSH levels Hyper Thyroid Symptoms Stimulated nervousness, insomnia, increased basal temp, HTN, tachycardia, increased appetite with weight loss, muscle wasting, goiter Low TSH levels Thyroid Replacement Agents Leveothyroxine Liothyronine Liotrix Thyroid Adverse effects: tremors, nervousness, loss of hair, diarrhea, tachycardia, HTN Give before breakfast with water, teach about effects, monitor vitals Insulin This study source was downloaded by 100000794216450 from CourseHero.com on 08-17-2021 04:33:42 GMT -05:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/27797332/Pharmacology-Exam-2-Study-Guidedocx/ This study resource was shared via CourseHero.com Rapid-Acting includes: lispro (peak 30-90min and duration 2-5 hrs.), Humalog (peak 0.5-6hrs and duration is 20-24hrs), and human insulin aspart (peak 4-8hrs and duration is 22-24 hrs.). Must be given right before meals, no more than 5 minutes. Short-acting: Onset is 30 min to 1 hour, peak is 2.5-5 hours, and duration is 6-8 hours. This includes regular insulin. Give 30 minutes before meal. Intermediate acting includes: NPH, Lente, and Humulin N. Contains protamine which prolongs the action of insulin. Onset is 1-2 hours, peak is 6-12hrs, and duration is 18-24hrs. Long lasting includes insulin glargine (Lantus) with an onset of 1 hour. Evenly distributed over 24 hours. Insulin detmir has a peak of 6-8 hours and lasts 12-24 hours. Hyperglycemia Symptoms Fatigue, irritation, glycosuria, increased hunger, increased thirst, itchy skin. Metformin, acarbose, sitagliptin, pramlintide acetate, pioglitazone. Adverse effects: abdominal bloating, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, lactic acidosis (sweating, chills, low BP, muscle pain, sleepiness, slow HR, weakness) Hypoglycemic Symptoms Blurred vision, drowsiness, weakness, tachycardia, shallow respirations, hunger, and diaphoresis, anxious. Glucose elevating meds: Glucagon onset 1 min, peak 15 min, and duration 9-20 min. Diazoxide onset is 1 hr. and duration is 8 hours. Erectile Dysfunction Sildenafil, Levitra, and Cialis ADV. Effects: Headache, flushing, blurred vision, tachycardia, increased hypotension with nitrates, runny nose, and diarrhea. Oral Contraceptives Estrogen and progesterone Adv. Effects: clots, MI, CVA, edema, weight gain, depression, and irregular periods. Antibiotics Allergic Response Mild: Rash, pruritus, and hives. Treated with antihistamines. Severe: Anaphylactic shock, vascular collapse, laryngeal edema, bronchospasm, and cardiac arrest. Occurs within 20 minutes. Treated with epinephrine, bronchodilators, and antihistamines. Common adv. Effects: vomiting, diarrhea, itching, rash, abdominal cramps, kidney damage, GI tract toxicity, superinfection, neurotoxicity. Penicillin Amoxicillin Adv. Effects: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, glossitis, stomatitis, bone marrow suppression, rash, fever, lethargy. Monitor for rash, lowered RBC, WBC, and platelets [Show More]
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