Sophia - Human Biology - Unit 5 Milestone 5, Complete Answers (Summer 2020/2021)

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1 Which type of pancreatic cells help to lower blood sugar? • Delta cells • Beta cells • Alpha cells • Gamma cells CONCEPT Pancreatic Hormones 2 After fertilization, the newly... formed zygote begins to divide into multiple cells through a process called __________. • Morphogenesis • Cleavage • Blastomere • Gastrulation CONCEPT Fertilization and Early Development 3 Which step(s) of urine formation is important to maintain the body's acid-base balance? • Filtration and reabsorption • Reabsorption • Secretion • Filtration CONCEPT Urine Formation 4 Which of the following statements about aging is true? • As a woman ages, she enters andropause and can no longer reproduce. • Signs of aging may include changes in your skin, height, muscle mass, bones and organ function. • The way in which you age is completely dictated by your lifestyle. • All of these statements are correct. CONCEPT Effects of Aging on Your Body 5 Which layer of the digestive tract contains blood vessels and nerve cells? • Lumen • Submucosa • Serosa • Mucosa CONCEPT The Alimentary Canal 6 Which segment of the small intestine connects to the large intestine? • Duodenum • Jejunum • Ileum • Lipase CONCEPT Small Intestine 7 Select the correct route of sperm once they are produced. • Penis → Testes → Urethra → Epididymis → Ejaculatory duct → Vas deferens • Testes → Penis → Epididymis → Urethra → Vas deferens → Ejaculatory duct • Testes → Epididymis → Vas deferens → Ejaculatory duct → Urethra → Penis • Penis → Urethra → Ejaculatory duct → Vas deferens → Epididymis →Testes CONCEPT Male Reproductive System 8 An individual's blood volume and blood pressure decrease. Which of the following will be the body's response to maintain homeostasis and increase the blood volume and blood pressure? • ADH is released, the kidneys conserve water, urine becomes concentrated • ADH is released, the kidneys conserve water, the urine becomes more diluted • ADH is released, less water is reabsorbed, the urine becomes more concentrated • ADH is released, less water is reabsorbed, the urine becomes more diluted CONCEPT Fluid Balance and Blood Pressure 9 Which type of digestion occurs in the stomach? • Chemical • Neither mechanical nor chemical • Both mechanical and chemical • Mechanical CONCEPT Stomach 10 Which of these can be concluded from an 8-week-old embryo? • It is a female. • It is prone to obesity. • It has brown hair. • It has attached earlobes. CONCEPT Embryonic and Fetal Development 11 Which of the following best describes blood pH when homeostasis is maintained? • Neutral • Slightly basic • Heavily acidic • Slightly acidic CONCEPT Blood pH 12 Which part of the large intestine absorbs water? • Descending colon • All parts absorb water • Transverse colon • Ascending colon CONCEPT Large Intestine 13 Which of the following is most likely the cause of Graves' disease? • Lower than normal levels of parathyroid hormone in the blood • Higher than normal levels of parathyroid hormone in the blood • Lower than normal levels of thyroid hormones in the blood • Higher than normal levels of thyroid hormones in the blood CONCEPT Thyroid and Parathyroid 14 In which stage of labor is the placenta expelled from the uterus? • First • Second • Fourth • Third CONCEPT Labor and Birth 15 Which organ processes and stores nutrients from the digestive system? • Gallbladder • Pancreas • Liver • All three CONCEPT Pancreas, Gallbladder, & Liver 16 Where does digestion begin? • The mouth • The small intestine • The stomach • The large intestine CONCEPT Digestion 17 Which of the following statements about steroid hormones is true? • They are lipids that enter the cell and bind to receptors on the nucleus. • They are proteins that bind to receptors on the plasma membrane. • They are lipids that bind to receptors on the plasma membrane. • They are proteins that enter the cell and bind to receptors on the nucleus. CONCEPT Steroid and Non-Steroid Hormones 18 The developing child is surrounded by a fluid filled sac called the __________. • Yolk sac • Placenta • Chorion • Amnion CONCEPT Placenta 19 Which organ of the endocrine system is part of the brain? • Adrenal gland • Parathyroid gland • Pancreas • Pineal gland CONCEPT Organs of the Endocrine System 20 Which part of the kidney does the actual filtering of the blood? • Renal medulla • Nephrons • Renal cortex • Renal pelvis CONCEPT Kidneys 21 Which type of cells are responsible for the growth of facial hair and the deepening of the voice in males during puberty? • Leydig cells • Schwann cells • Sertoli cells • Stem cells CONCEPT Sperm Formation 22 Which of the following is an agent of chemical digestion in the mouth? • Teeth • Bolus • Chyme • Salivary amylase CONCEPT Chewing and Swallowing 23 What is the outer part of the adrenal gland called? • Adrenal medulla • Adrenal body • Adrenal dermis • Adrenal cortex CONCEPT Adrenal Glands 24 What is produced by the ovaries? • Granulosa cells • Oocytes • Endometrium • Zygote CONCEPT Female Reproductive System 25 Before an oocyte leaves the ovary, it is surrounded by nourishing cells and is called what? • A zona pellucida • A follicle • A menarche • An oviduct CONCEPT Ovarian Cycle and Menstrual Cycle 26 Which of the following statements is true? • The pituitary gland is an organ of the endocrine system that secretes the hormone melatonin. • Insulin is an example of a hormone that is released by the adrenal glands. • Hormones, which are secreted by the endocrine system, help regulate homeostasis in the body. • Hormones are generalized and can have an effect on any cell in the body. CONCEPT Endocrine System [Show More]

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