ATI-Remediation Study Guide and Notes-2021

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Bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic infections: isolation precautions for client who has influenza 1. A nurse is caring for a client who has Haemophilus influenza type B. Which of the following ... types of isolation should the nurse implement? a. Airborne b. Droplet c. Contact d. Protective - Seizures and Epilepsy: priority interventions for a client experiencing a seizure  Tonic clonic: May be preceded by aura.  3 phases:  Tonic episode: stiffening of muscles, loss of consciousness  Clonic episode: 1-2 min of rhythmic jerking of extremities  Postical phase: confusion, sleepiness  Absence: loss of consciousness for a few seconds. Key features: blank staring, eye fluttering, lip smacking, picking at clothes  Myoclonic: brief stiffening of extremities  Atonic: loss of muscle tone, results in falling  Status epilepticus: repeated seizure activity within 30 min or a single seizure lasting more than 5 min:  Epilepsy = chronic seizures (2 or more) • Diagnosis: EEG to identify origin of seizure • Nursing care • During seizure: Turn patient to the side, loosen restrictive clothing, do not insert airway or restrain patient, document onset/duration of seizure • Surgeries: Vagal nerve stimulatory, craniotomy to remove brain tissue causing seizures. • Meds: • Antiepileptics: Phenytoin (Dilantin) • Lamotrigine, carbamazepine, valproic acid ▪ Indications: seizures ▪ Side effects: gingival hyperplasia, diplopia, nystagmus, rash, ataxia, hypotension ▪ Key points: serum phenytoin levels need to be monitored routinely d/t narrow therapeutic range. Decreases effectiveness of oral contraceptives [Show More]

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