HUMAN BIOLOGY UNIT 1 MILESTONE | EXAM 2 | Secure the best grade.

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HUMAN BIOLOGY UNIT 1 MILESTONE What type of lipid is made up of a glycerol molecule and three fatty acid side chains? • Saturated fat • Phospholipid • Triglyceride ... • Sterol CONCEPT Lipids Which of the following characteristics is shared by all organisms? • Division into multiple sexes • Cycles of consciousness and sleep • Being made up of multiple cells • The ability to grow and reproduce CONCEPT Organisms Which of the following is a component of cell membranes and includes a hydrophilic head, a glycerol backbone and two fatty acid tails? • Phospholipids • Nucleic acids • Triglycerides CONCEPT Plasma Membrane Which of the following describes a disaccharide? • It has many sugar units. • It can have up to two sugar units. • It has no sugar units. • It is also an oligosaccharide. CONCEPT Carbohydrates What is chromatin? • A cell organelle that houses the DNA and controls activity within the cell • A condensed form of DNA that occurs when the cell is dividing • A form of uncondensed DNA found within the nucleus of the cell • A structure found within the nucleus that produces subunits of ribosomes CONCEPT Nucleus How does facilitated diffusion differ from simple diffusion? • Facilitated diffusion requires the use of transport proteins. Simple diffusion does not. • Facilitated diffusion is when molecules are moving from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Facilitated diffusion requires the use of sodium-potassium pumps. Facilitated diffusion and simple diffusion are the same thing. CONCEPT Facilitated Diffusion 7 Which of the following is part of the cytoskeleton? Macrotubules Macrofilaments Microfilaments Intermediate tubules CONCEPT Cytoplasm 8 How many turns of the Krebs cycle are required to break down one molecule of glucose? Two Three Four One CONCEPT Krebs Cycle 9 What is true about the electron transport chain (ETC)? A build-up of potassium on the inner membrane of the cell causes a gradient which leads to the production of ATP. Only products from the Krebs cycle are utilized in the electron transport chain. The electron transport chain takes place in the nucleus of the cell. Most ATP is produced during this step of cellular respiration. CONCEPT Electron Transport Chain 10 Which of the following is part of a nucleotide? Proteins DNA Amino acid Sugar CONCEPT Nucleic Acids 11 Which of the following statements is true? Human beings are made up entirely of cells. The parts that make up cells are themselves living things. For all cells, the nucleus is the control center. Not all cells have cytoplasm. CONCEPT Cell Theory In which kind of cells is the Golgi body found? • All cells • Only prokaryotic cells • Some eukaryotic and some prokaryotic cells • Only eukaryotic cells CONCEPT Golgi Body What is true regarding phosphorylation? • It involves combining glucose molecules in order to be used as fuel for glycolysis. • It occurs when ATP donates one of its phosphate groups to a molecule of glucose during glycolysis. • It helps transfer energy from the glucose molecule to a molecule of ADP in order for glycolysis to be carried out. • It strips ATP of all of its phosphate groups. CONCEPT Glycolysis Chloe is studying the effect a certain kind of fungus has on bacteria. Which of the following could be her hypothesis? • "I predict that the bacterial cultures in which I place this fungus will not grow." • "I notice that when a certain fungus is present in a bacterial culture, the bacteria do not grow." • "I propose that this fungus somehow kills bacteria." • "Based on many tests, I realize that this fungus kills bacteria." CONCEPT Scientific Method Which of the following sources of information is most credible? • A remark made by a registered nurse over dinner • A lecture given by a prominent biologist on the findings of his most recent study • A claim made by a reporter on the evening news • A Wikipedia article on molecular biology CONCEPT Evaluate Information At what level of protein structure are several amino acid chains joined together? • Secondary • Quaternary • Tertiary • Primary CONCEPT Proteins Some chemical reactions within cells break down molecules. Others make larger molecules. They are all an example of _. • metabolism • anabolism • ATP production • catabolism CONCEPT Metabolism Why are mitochondria called the "powerhouse" of a cell? • They convert energy into oxygen. • They convert food into energy. • They convert water into oxygen. • They convert light into food. CONCEPT Mitochondria What role do sensory receptors play in feedback loops to maintain homeostasis? • Respond to stimuli • Interpret stimuli • Detect stimuli • CONCEPT Homeostasis Which of the following statements is true? • Diffusion involves the movement of molecules in the cytoplasm. • Diffusion involves the movement of molecules into or out of a cell. • Diffusion involves the movement of molecules using transport proteins. • Diffusion involves the breaking down of dead organelles. CONCEPT Diffusion Which of the following contains the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies and the nuclear envelope? • The rough ER • The lymphatic system • The endomembrane system • The Golgi apparatus CONCEPT Endoplasmic Reticulum Which of the following statements about enzymes is true? • Any enzyme in your body is capable of taking part in any type of reaction. • An enzyme can act to either join substrates together or break them down. • The substrate will be physically different, but not chemically different after being acted upon by an enzyme. • Enzymes most often help to slow down reactions in the body. CONCEPT Enzymes A tonicity with a high concentration of solutes is said to be _. • isotonic • hypertonic • selectively permeable • hypotonic CONCEPT Osmosis [Show More]

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