NSG 123 Exam 5 Review - Questions and Answers

Document Content and Description Below

NSG 123 Exam 5 Review - Questions and Answers Fluid Volume Deficit Lab & Vitals Increased BUN & Creatinine Increased Hematocrit & Hemoglobin Increased Urine Specific Gravity Decreased BP Increased P... ulse Increased Temp Fluid Volume Excess Lab & Vitals Decreased Hematocrit, Hemoglobin Decreased Urine Specific Gravity Increased BP Increased Respirations Bounding Pulse DMARD Methotrexate Monitor Prior to and during therapy, monitoring the CBC, renal function, and liver function is essential. Liver function tests help guide methotrexate dosage. What disease is Methotrexate given for? RA Diagnostic Test for RA Antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) have a specificity of approximately 95% at detecting RA The ESR and CRP tend to be significantly elevated in the acute phases of RA and are therefore useful in monitoring active disease and disease progression. In SLU Where is the butterfly rash located? Cheeks The most familiar skin manifestation (occurring in less than 50% of patients with SLE) is an acute cutaneous lesion consisting of a butterfly-shaped erythematous rash across the bridge of the nose and cheeks Complication and Teaching of Corticosteriods for Long Term Osteoporosis, increase calcium and vitamin D Gout Dietary Restrictions The nurse encourages the patient to restrict consumption of foods high in purines, especially organ meats, and to limit alcohol intake Fluid Movement in Hypotonic Solutions WATER INTO CELLS. When the extracellular fluid has fewer solutes (osmolarity) than the fluid in the cells. Water will move from extracellular space into the cells. Fluid Movement in Hypertonic Solutions WATER OUT OF CELLS When the extracellular fluid has more solutes (osmolarity) than within the cells, water flows out of the cells Fluid Movement in Isotonic Solutions Both the extracellular and intracellular fluids have the same osmolarity, so there is no movement of water between them Hypotonic Solutions 0.45% Sodium Chloride 0.225% Saline 0.33% Saline Hypertonic Solutions 3% Saline & 5% Saline Isotonic Solutions Normal Saline (0.9% Saline) Lactated Ringer 5% Dextrose in Water Phlebitis Definition Phlebitis is characterized by a reddened, warm area around the insertion site or along the path of the vein, pain or tenderness at the site or along the vein, and swelling Prevention of Phlebitis Phlebitis can be prevented by using aseptic technique during insertion, using the appropriate-size cannula or needle for the vein, considering the composition of fluids and medications when selecting a site, observing the site hourly for any complications, anchoring the cannula or needle well, and changing the IV site according to agency policy and procedures. Patient Teaching for Fluid Volume Excess Daily weight Report respiratory changes Limit sodium & fluid What makes the blood more acidic or alkaline? The pH is the indicator What does compensation look like in metabolic acidosis? Lungs compensate, Respiratory Rate (should be hyperventilating) [Show More]

Last updated: 1 month ago

Preview 1 out of 8 pages