NR 602 Week 3 Quiz Study Guide - 74 Pages

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NR 602 Week 3 Quiz Study Guide - 74 Pages Upper Respiratory Tract Disorders The Common Cold The common cold is a frequent problem seen in pediatric practice, and parents often seek informa... tion from their child's primary health care provider as to whether their child's symptoms represent a typical URI or indicate the beginning or advancing signs of a more serious illness. Young children have on average 6 to 10 URIs, or colds, per year. The typical course of these illnesses is an initial low-grade fever with clear rhinitis changing by day 3 to purulent discharge and to a slow resolution with clear nasal discharge by day 10 (Wald et al, 2013). Viruses cause most common colds, with 50% resulting from infection by the more than 100 serotypes of rhinoviruses. Parainfluenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), coronavirus, and human metapneumovirus are also common agents (Cherry and Nieves, 2009; Schuster and Williams, 2013). Other agents that occasionally cause cold symptoms include adenovirus, enterovirus, influenza viruses, reoviruses, and human bocavirus. Day care and preschool attendance are associated with an increased number of common colds in young children and their spread to school-age children in the family. The acquisition of a common cold virus occurs via inoculation of the nose and possibly the conjunctiva. Colds can be spread through direct inhalation of virus from a sneeze, nasal blowing, or inoculation via fingers from nasal secretions or fomites. Mental stress, lack of sleep, high basal levels of catecholamines, infrequent exercise, smoking, and low vitamin [Show More]

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