Kaplan nursing school entrance exam Valerika 64 Questions with Verified Answers,100% CORRECT

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Kaplan nursing school entrance exam Valerika 64 Questions with Verified Answers What are amino acids? - CORRECT ANSWER Polymers of 20 molecules What are steroids? - CORRECT ANSWER Precursors to ... hormones and drugs What are phospholipids? - CORRECT ANSWER 2 fatty acids bonded to phosphate group What are the 3 types of lipids? - CORRECT ANSWER ● Fatty acids ● Phospholipids ● Steroids What do enzymes do? - CORRECT ANSWER Catalyze different reactions and processes What are unsaturated lipids? - CORRECT ANSWER ● Has 1 or more double bonds ● Is liquid ● Is good What are saturated lipids? - CORRECT ANSWER ● Has no double bonds ● Is solid ● Is bad What are carbs? - CORRECT ANSWER ● Structure, storage, energy ● Backbone of DNA and RNA DNA contains what? - CORRECT ANSWER Code necessary for replication What does RNA do? - CORRECT ANSWER Transfer information from DNA What is metabolism? - CORRECT ANSWER Sum of all chemical reactions that occur in organism What are metabolic pathways? - CORRECT ANSWER High to low energy Prokaryotic cells have? - CORRECT ANSWER No nucleus and No organelles Eukaryotic cells have? - CORRECT ANSWER ● Have a nucleus ● Are more complex The nucleus contains? - CORRECT ANSWER DNA of the cell and RNA Chromosomes contain? - CORRECT ANSWER Genetic information for regeneration of the cell and instructions for function Where are bound ribosomes? - CORRECT ANSWER In the endoplasmic reticulum or ER Where are the free ribosomes? - CORRECT ANSWER In the cytoplasm What does the Golgi Apparatus do? - CORRECT ANSWER Transports proteins Where does intracellular digestion take place? - CORRECT ANSWER Lysosomes What do lysosomes contain? - CORRECT ANSWER Hydrolytic enzymes What do hydrolytic enzymes do? - CORRECT ANSWER Hydrolyze fats- lipids- nucleic acids- and proteins Lysosomes contain a _____ - CORRECT ANSWER Acidic environment What PH do lysosomes have? - CORRECT ANSWER 4.5 How do cells uptake food through the cell membrane? - CORRECT ANSWER Phagocytosis What does it create? - CORRECT ANSWER Vacuole Mitochondria is found in - CORRECT ANSWER Eukaryotic cells Where does cellular respiration take place? - CORRECT ANSWER Mitochondria Chloroplast is found in - CORRECT ANSWER Plants What is the site of photosynthesis? - CORRECT ANSWER Chloroplast What is the hierarchy organizational system? - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Kingdom 2. Phylum 3. Class 4. Order 5. Family 6. Genus 7. species What is the scientific method? - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Observe 2. Hypothesis 3. Experiment 4. conclusion What are the biological molecules? - CORRECT ANSWER Carbs Lipids Proteins Nucleic acids What are the 2 types od asexual reproduction? - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Binary Fission 2. Mitosis What are the 5 stages of mitosis? - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Prophase 2. Prometaphase 3. Metaphase 4. Anaphase 5. telophase What is prophase? - CORRECT ANSWER ● Chromosomes are visibly separated ● 2 noticeable sister chromatids What is telophase? - CORRECT ANSWER ● Chromosomes gather on either side of separating cell What is anaphase? - CORRECT ANSWER ● Chromosomes start to separate What is metaphase? - CORRECT ANSWER ● Chromosomes align What is prometaphase? - CORRECT ANSWER ● Nuclear envelope begins to - ● Chromosomes begin to attach to spindle Rough ER - CORRECT ANSWER Responsible for protein synthesis and membrane production Smooth ER - CORRECT ANSWER Detox and metabolism or multiple molecules Why is mitosis necessary? - CORRECT ANSWER Growth and repair What happens in mitosis? - CORRECT ANSWER DNA is duplicated and distributed evenly to 2 daughter cells Where does meiosis take place? - CORRECT ANSWER Gonads (ovaries and testes) What is osmosis? - CORRECT ANSWER Diffusion of water from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration Hypertonic - CORRECT ANSWER When cytoplasm of a cell has lower solute concentration than the extracellular medium Hypotonic - CORRECT ANSWER Cytoplasm of a cell has higher solute concentration than the extracellular medium Passive diffusion - CORRECT ANSWER Does not require proteins since it occurs directly through the membrane- no external energy is required Facilitated diffusion Movement of dissolved particles across concentration gradients with the help of carrier proteins- Does not require energy Active transport - CORRECT ANSWER Requires energy and is necessary to maintain membrane potential in specialized cells such as neurons 3 types of transport proteins - CORRECT ANSWER -Uniport carry single solute across membrane -Symport translocate two different solutes simultaneously in the same direction Antiport - CORRECT ANSWER exchange two solutes by transporting one into the cell and one out of the cell Alimentary canal - CORRECT ANSWER Oral cavity- pharynx- esophagus- stomach- small intestine- large intestine- rectum- anus Accessory organs - CORRECT ANSWER Liver- pancreas- and gallbladder Hydrochloric Acid (HCL) - CORRECT ANSWER Breaks down food and neutralizes bacteria and ingested food Which of the following controls the flow of chyme from the stomach into the small intestine? - CORRECT ANSWER Pyloric sphincter Where does digestion and absorption of food occur? - CORRECT ANSWER Small intestine What does the small intestine consist of? - CORRECT ANSWER Duodenum- jejunum- ileum All nutrients enter what to be routed to the liver for decontamination? - CORRECT ANSWER Hepatic portal vein What does the large intestine do? - CORRECT ANSWER Reabsorbs water and stores and eliminates undigested food Mechanical digestion - CORRECT ANSWER When food is crushed by teeth- tongue- and peristaltic contractions Peristalsis - CORRECT ANSWER Wave-like muscular action conducted by smooth muscle that lines the gut in the esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine. During this process rings of muscle encircling the gut contract which moves food through the gut Chemical digestion - CORRECT ANSWER Polysaccharides are broken down into glucose- triglycerides are hydrolyzed into fatty acids and glycerol and proteins are broken down into amino acids Where does chemical digestion begin and what does it break down? - CORRECT ANSWER Mouth, saliva contains salivary amylase, an enzyme that breaks down complex starch into maltose [Show More]

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