ATI PHARMACOLOGY - DETAILED PRACTICE ANSWER KEY UPDATED {+185 QUESTIONS AND JUSTIFIED ANSWERS}

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1. A nurse is planning to apply a transdermal analgesic cream prior to inserting an IV for a preschool-age child. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? (Select all that apply.... ) A. Spread the cream over the lateral surface of both forearms. B. Apply to intact skin. C. Apply the medication an hour before the procedure begins. D. Cleanse the skin prior to procedure. E. Use a visual pain rating scale to evaluate effectiveness of the treatment. Rationale: Spread the cream over the lateral surface of both forearms is incorrect. The nurse should apply the smallest amount of cream to the smallest area required to reduce the risk for systemic toxicity. Systemic effects of the anesthetic include bradycardia, heart block, and seizures. Apply to intact skin is correct. The nurse should apply cream over intact skin to reduce the risk for systemic toxicity. The nurse should wear gloves while applying the cream to reduce the risk of absorbing the anesthetic. Apply the medication an hour before the procedure begins is correct. The nurse should allow 30 min to 1 hr for the topical analgesic to take effect. Cleanse the skin prior to procedure is correct. Apply the topical analgesic to clean skin to increase absorption. Use a visual pain rating scale to evaluate effectiveness of the treatment is correct. A child’s response and understanding of pain depends on the child’s age and stage of development. A preschooler might be unable to describe pain due to a limited vocabulary. Use a visual scale (FACES or OUCHER Scale) with faces or colors to assess evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment. [Show More]

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