NURSING 101 Basic Nsg Skill Nursing Past & Present updated 2020 solutions questions, answers and rationales

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NURSING 101 Basic Nsg Skill Nursing Past & Present updated 2020 solutions questions, answers and rationales Chapter 1. Nursing Past & Present Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best comple... tes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1. What is the most influential factor that has shaped the nursing profession? 1) Physicians’ need for handmaidens 2) Societal need for healthcare outside the home 3) Military demand for nurses in the field 4) Germ theory influence on sanitation ANS: 3 Throughout the centuries, stability of the government has been related to the success of the military to protect or extend its domain. As the survival and well-being of soldiers is critical, nurses provided healthcare to the sick and injured at the battle site. The physician’s handmaiden was/is a nursing stereotype rather than an influence on nursing. Although there has been need for healthcare outside the home throughout history, this has more influence on the development of hospitals than on nursing; this need provided one more setting for nursing work. Germ theory and sanitation helped to improve healthcare but did not shape nursing. PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: pp. 9–10 KEY: Nursing process: N/A Client need: N/A | Cognitive level: Recall ____ 2. Which of the following is an example of an illness prevention activity? Select all that apply. 1) Encouraging the use of a food diary 2) Joining a cancer support group 3) Administering immunization for HPV 4) Teaching a diabetic patient about his diet ANS: 3 Administering immunization for HPV is an example of illness prevention. Although cancer is a disease, it is assumed that a person joining a support group would already have the disease; therefore, this is not disease prevention but treatment. Illness-prevention activities focus on avoiding a specific disease. A food diary is a health-promotion activity. Teaching a diabetic patient about diet is a treatment for diabetes; the patient already has diabetes, so it cannot prevent diabetes. PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: p. 18; high-level question, not directly stated in text KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: HPM | Cognitive level: Application ____ 3. Which of the following contributions of Florence Nightingale had an immediate impact on improving patients’ health? 1) Providing a clean environment 2) Improving nursing education 3) Changing the delivery of care in hospitals 4) Establishing nursing as a distinct profession ANS: 1 Improved sanitation (a clean environment) greatly and immediately reduced the rate of infection and mortality in hospitals. The other responses are all activities of Florence Nightingale that improved healthcare or nursing, but the impact is long range, not immediate. PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: V1, p. 3; student must infer from content | V1, p. 10; student must infer from content KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application ____ 4. All of the following are aspects of the full-spectrum nursing role. Which one is essential for the nurse to do in order to successfully carry out all the others? 1) Thinking and reasoning about the client’s care 2) Providing hands-on client care 3) Carrying out physician orders 4) Delegating to assistive personnel ANS: 1 A substantial portion of the nursing role involves using clinical judgment, critical thinking, and problem solving, which directly affect the care the client will actually receive. Providing hands-on care is important; however, clinical judgment, critical thinking, and problem solving are essential to do it successfully. Carrying out physician orders is a small part of a nurse’s role; it, too, requires nursing assessment, planning, intervention, and evaluation. Many simple nursing tasks are being delegated to nursing assistive personnel; delegation requires careful analysis of patient status and the appropriateness of support personnel to deliver care. Another way to analyze this question is that none of the options of providing hands-on care, carrying out physician orders, and delegating to assistive personnel is required for the nurse to think and reason about a client’s care; so the answer must be 1. PTS:1DIF:DifficultREF: p. 11 KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: N/A | Cognitive level: Analysis [Show More]

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