A&P 1 MA278/BSC2 Human Anatomy & Physiology AP 1 Module 6 Case Study.

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Module 6 Case Study AP1  Question 1 1 out of 1 points Donna, a 42-year-old mother of two, has been experiencing intermittent tingling and numbness in both of her feet. She has also had trouble ... holding a pen while writing. In the past few months, the tingling and numbness in her extremities seemed to subside on its own, so she was not very concerned. Recently, though, the symptoms have spread to her knees and thighs and are persisting. Yesterday, she stumbled when getting out of bed in the morning. When she tried to stand, her right leg was too weak to hold her weight and she fell again. She noticed that she scraped her right knee during the fall, but does not feel any pain from the wound. Donna notices that she has blurry vision and thinks that might be the reason she fell. All of the following indicate sensory deficits EXCEPT: Selected Answer: Muscular weakness  Question 2 Needs Grading Donna does not feel the wound on her knee. In a normal situation, describe how this sensory input of a scraped knee would result in the feeling of pain. Selected Answer: When you scrape your knee the site has damage to the tissues which is registered by nociceptors, or pain receptors. These pain receptors are the ending points of a neuron and send an electrical signal up the axon or nerve fiber to a bundle of other nerve fibers that creates a peripheral nerve. The electrical signal travels up neurons in the peripheral nerve towards the neck and reaches the spinal cord. At this point the electrical signal travels to another neuron through a small gap called a synapse. This is able to be done through neurotransmitters. The electrical signal then travels up the nerve fiber of the spinal cord and relays the sensory input information to the brain and allows us to feel and react to the pain. MyDr. (n.d.). Pain and how you send it. Retrieved May 10, 2018, from http://www.mydr.com.au/pain/pain-and-how-you-sense-it Respons e Feedbac k: [None Given]  Question 3 Needs Grading Donna has weakness in her right leg, but her left leg is functioning normally. Which components of the nervous system are involved with skeletal muscle This study source was downloaded by 100000805030033 from CourseHero.com on 08-09-2022 06:15:13 GMT -05:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/30931671/AP-1-Module-6-Case-Studydocx/ movement? Be specific about how the motor impulse moves through the body. Selected Answer: The somatic nervous system is responsible for muscle movement. A motor impulse is sent through the body by sending the signals from neuron to neuron via th synapse and traveling along motor fibers. This signal then reaches the muscle and an action response is carried out. Biology dictionary. (n.d.). Somatic nervous system. Retrieved May 10, 2018, from https://biologydictionary.net/somatic-nervous-system/ Respons e Feedbac k: [None Given]  Question 4 1 out of 1 points Which of the following correctly defines a motor unit? Selected Answer: A single neuron and all the muscle cells it innervates  Question 5 1 out of 1 points Which of the following statements is true? Selected Answer: Donna is experiencing both motor and sensory deficits.  Question 6 Needs Grading List and describe any and all symptoms in Donna’s history that could be related to a pathology of her motor neurons. Selected Answer: Holding a pen while writing, muscle weakness in lower extremities. Henderson, J. M. (n.d.). Motor impairment. Retrieved May 10, 2018, from http://www.neuromodulation.com/motor-impairment Response Feedback: [None Given]  Question 7 1 out of 1 points Donna’s primary care physician wants to screen her for Multiple Sclerosis. Which of the following tests would provide the most definitive diagnosis for MS? Selected Answer: MRI This study source was downloaded by 100000805030033 from CourseHero.com on 08-09-2022 06:15:13 GMT -05:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/30931671/AP-1-Module-6-Case-Studydocx/  Question 8 Needs Grading If Donna does have MS, the disease is affecting her myelin sheath. Briefly describe what happens to the myelin sheath and how it disrupts nerve function in patients with Multiple Sclerosis. Sele cted Ans wer: In MS the T-cells from the body's immune system attack the myelin sheath which causes damage, or full destruction of the sheath. Because of this damage, or destruction, the axon is left uninsulated and exposed. When messages are being sent from the brain to the various body parts, they are delayed, and possibly distorted, causing misinterpretation of the wanted reaction. Dangond, F. (n.d.). Myelin sheath in multiple sclerosis. Retrieved May 10, 2018, from https://www.emedicinehealth.com/myelin_and_the_central_nervous_system/article_ em.htm#ms_symptoms_and_signs_of_destroyed_myelin_demyelination Res pon se Fee dba ck: [None Given]  Question 9 1 out of 1 points Donna later sees a specialist who wants to perform a spinal tap, which is an analysis of cerebrospinal fluid. Where is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) found? Selected Answer: Surrounding the structures of the Central Nervous System  Question 10 Needs Grading After extensive testing, Donna’s care team concluded that she does have Multiple Sclerosis and have prescribed steroid treatment. How will steroids help alleviate her symptoms? Selected Answer: Steroids are used as an anti inflammatory. They suppress the multiple pathways that are inflamed in the body. In MS there are exacerbations, or flare ups, of inflammation to the nerve pathways. Steroids are used to control the inflammation and aid in stopping any acute damage for occuring. Minton, L. S. (n.d.). Corticosteroids for the treatment of MS. Retrieved May 10, 2018, from https://multiplesclerosis.net/treatment/corticosteroids/ This study source was downloaded by 100000805030033 from CourseHero.com on 08-09-2022 06:1 [Show More]

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