NURS 6032 Exam 2 - Questions and Answers

Document Content and Description Below

NURS 6032 Exam 2 Acetylcholinesterase - enzyme responsible for the immediate breakdown of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft; prevents overstimulation of cholinergic receptor sites How does inflam... mation develop in asthma - allergen activates mast cells Mediator cell invitation (histamine, leukotriene) Infiltration of inflammatory cells (eosinophils, leukocytes) Cytokine, leukotriene, interleukin response results in inflammation Why would you prescribe a beta agonist? select all. a. increase HR b. asthma c. COPD d. increase cardiac output - a, b, c, d What adverse effects could you see with beta blockers? select all. a. bradycardia b. hypotension c. bronchoconstriction d. decreased glycogenolysis - a, b, c, d Anticholinergic effects mimic adrenergic effects. T or F? - true Cholinergic effects mimic adrenergic effects. T or F? - false What are the main components of Alzheimer disease patho? select all. a. shrinking cerebral cortex decreasing acetylcholine levels b. neuritic plaques c. tau tangles d. decreased dopamine - a, b, c Tx for Alzheimer's disease includes increasing the acetylcholine levels. T or F? - true Medications that inhibit acetylcholinesterase in Alzheimer's disease includes? select all. a. tacrine b. donepezil c. namenda d. beta blockers - a, b An acetylcholinesterase inhibitor overdose would include the following symptoms? select all. a. diarrhea b. bronchoconstriction c. bradycardia d. drooling - a, b, c, d Myasthenia gravis is characterized by? a. decreased dopamine within the motor tracks b. antibodies attacking the myelin sheaths of the nervous system c. decreased cerebral cortex d. the body attacking its own nicotinic M receptors - d To increase the activation of nicotinic M system, one would prescribe? a. acetylcholinesterase inhibitor b. beta agonist c. cholinergic inhibitor d. beta blocker - a What are some of the symptoms of myasthenia gravis? select all. a. muscle weakness b. difficulty swallowing c. difficulty breathing d. dropping eyelids (ptosis) - a, b, c, d What are the mechanisms of actions of seizure meds? select all. a. suppression of Na influx b. increased potassium efflux c. antagonism of glutamate (excitatory transmitter) d. increase GABA (inhibitory transmitter) - a, b, c, d The appropriate seizure tx regimen for a pt is always immediately clear. T or F? - false Seizures doses are set and do not require monitoring. T or F? - false A 4 y.o is in the ED after having a 30 sec. tonic clonic seizure with a temp of 104.7. What AED is indicated long term? a. dilantin b. lamictal c. keppra d. no AED - d Parkinson's disease is characterized by? a. lack of dopamine to counteract acetylcholine within the brain b. degeneration of cerebral cortex decreasing acetylcholine release c. a rapid influx of Na causing tremors d. Muscle contraction going unopposed causing painful spasms - a How does sinement work? select all. a. carbidopa blocks destruction of levodopa b. levodopa increases dopamine synthesis in the striatum c. increases acetylcholinesterase in the synaptic cleft d. cholinergic enhancement inside the peripheral - a, b Sinement is a therapeutic med only. T or F? - false What is your go to med for spasticity related to MS, CP, TBI? a. dantrolene b. soma c. diclpofenac d. baclofen - d Asthma medications primarily focus on? select all. a. bronchospasm b. inflammation c. increased mucous production d. decreased airway circumference - a, b, d Asthma therapy targets? select all. a. decreasing inflammation b. decreasing bronchospasm c. decreased mucous production d. reducing fever - a, b Which medication class primarily targets inflammation in asthma? a. beta agonists b. corticosteroids c. cholinergics d. beta antagonist - b Which medication classes target bronchospasm? select all. a. anticholinergics b. beta agonists c. corticosteroids d. cholinergics - a, b What can initiate an asthmatic response? select all. a. pollution b. allergens c. cold air d. exercise - a, b, c, d Which below would be the most effective delivery of asthma med mechanism for a 6 y.o? a. inhaler b. spacer with inhaler c. pills d. IV med - b Which below would be the best delivery mechanism of asthma med for an infant? a. inhaler b. spacer with inhaler c. pill d. face mask nebulizer - d What are the different steps to increasing therapy for asthma? select all. a. add another agent that targets a different pathway b. switch agents if not working altogether c. increase the dose of a med that is effective, but not all the way d. add another med with the same pathway - a, b, c A SABA should always be part of asthma therapy. T or F? - true The difference between a 1st generation antihistamine and a 2nd generation antihistamine is? select all. a. the H1 med can make pts sleepy b. the H2 med can make pts sleepy c. Anticholinergic side effects can occur with H1 antihistamines d. anticholinergic side effects can occur with H2 antihistamines - a, c Which medications are indicated for severe allergic rhinitis? select all. a. intranasal glucocorticoids b. intranasal antihistamines c. combination therapy d. cholinergic meds - a, b, c Antihistamines do not directly reduce congestion. T or F? - true Which medications below causes the inhibitions of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins? select all. a. tylenol b. NSAIDs c. aspirin d. clarithromycin - b, c Which etiology of H. pylori below is caused by an unknown source but is also thought to be due to? select all. a. enzymatic degradation of the protective mucus layer b. elaboration of a cytotoxin that injures mucosal cells c. infiltration of the neutrophils and other inflammatory cells d. production of urease, an enzyme that forms CO2 and NH4 which are toxic - a, b, c, d Which medications may be indicated with H. pylori? select all. a. bismuth subsalicylate b. metronidazole c. tetracycline d. PPI - A, B, C, D What is the MOA of H2 blockers? [Show More]

Last updated: 1 year ago

Preview 1 out of 53 pages