BIO 171 Microbiology Module 1 Exam/ Questions & Answers

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what is microbiology (ANS- the study of microbes (microorganisms and viruses) and their biological processes what is the smallest biological unit of life (ANS- cell what is a macromolecule ... (ANS- a complex molecule that is composed from smaller subunits what are the four main types of macromolecules (ANS- Proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and polysaccharides what various functions do proteins have in the cell (ANS- -facilitate the movement of materials in or out of a cell -act as enzymes that catalyze, or speed up, biochemical processes -play a structural role - enable movement two major types of nucleic acids (ANS- DNA and RNA what is the role of DNA (ANS- contains a vast amount of hereditary information and is responsible for the inheritable characteristics of living organisms what is the role of RNA (ANS- is responsible for deciphering the hereditary information in DNA and using it to synthesize proteins. what are nucleic acids (ANS- chemical molecules that carry genetic information within the cell what is the plasma membrane composed of (ANS- composed of lipids (hydrophobic hydrocarbons) what is the function of the plasma membrane (ANS- a surrounding barrier that separates the inside of the cell from the outside surrounding environment - restricts the movement of materials either in/out of the cell what is influx (plasma membrane) (ANS- allowing a cells to absorb and keep what is needed what is outflux (plasma membrane) (ANS- preventing the escape of essential nutrients what are the three main components of polysaccharides (ANS- carbon, hydrogen, oxygen atoms What is the primary difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? (ANS- eukaryotic cells have a nucleus prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus What are the main morphologies of bacteria? (ANS- coccus, bacillus , vibrio, spirillum Describe bacteria coccus shape (ANS- (round/spherical) [Show More]

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