Kozier and Erbs Fundamentals of Nursing – 10th Edition Test Bank for Exam 1_Complete solutions_Latest Fall 2020

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Chapter 10 Kozier & Erb’s Fundamentals of Nursing, 10/E Chapter 10 Question 1 The nurse is providing care to a group of clients. For which situation would the nurse’s use of critical thinking... be a priority? 1. Administering IV push meds to critically ill clients 2. Educating a home health client about treatment options 3. Teaching new parents car seat safety 4. Assisting an orthopedic client with the proper use of crutches Rationale 2: Nurses who utilize good critical thinking skills are able to think and act in areas where there are neither clear answers nor standard procedures. Treatment options, especially for the home health client, can be extensive. There are many points to consider (good and bad), and choosing between treatment options can cause conflict among family members. The nurse in this case must use creativity, analysis based on science, and problem-solving skills—all of which contribute to critical thinking skills. Question 2 A client recovering from a stroke does not want to perform prescribed shoulder exercises. What should the nurse say to the client that demonstrates critical thinking with creativity? 1. “You’ll only get worse if you don’t do these exercises.” 2. “As soon as you get these into your routine, you’ll feel better.” 3. “Your physician wouldn’t have ordered these if they weren’t important.” 4. “Here’s a marker. See how many circles you can make on this board in 10 minutes.” Rationale 4: Making the exercise routine into something more fun—such as a game, drawing a picture, or even “decorating the walls,” for example—would raise a challenge to the client, take the focus off the “why,” and still achieve the end result. Question 3 A student nurse resists when encouraged to be creative when providing client care. What should the nurse educator say to encourage this student to be creative? 1. “Creativity allows unique solutions to unique problems.” 2. “Not all your answers are going to be from your textbook.” 3. “Creativity makes nursing more fun.” 4. “You’ll get bored if you don’t learn to be creative.” Rationale 1: Creativity is thinking that results in the development of new ideas and products and is the ability to develop and implement new and better solutions. When nurses incorporate creativity into their thinking, they are able to find unique solutions to unique problems. Creativity does make the nurse look beyond the answers found in the text, but it also brings originality and individuality to nursing. Question 4 The nurse educator assigns students an activity to implement Socratic questioning in their daily lives. Which question provided by a student demonstrates this reasoning technique? 1. “What makes you think cramming for a test is an ineffective way to study?” 2. “What other ways of studying could you implement?” 3. “If you didn’t study for your test, what is the probability you will fail?” 4. “If you study all the unit outcomes, what effect will that have?” Correct Answer: 1 Rationale 1: Socratic questioning is a technique one can use to look beneath the surface, recognize and examine assumptions, search for inconsistencies, examine multiple points of view, and differentiate what one knows from what one merely believes. Questions about evidence and reason focus on just that (e.g., what evidence is there, how you know, what would change your mind). Question 5 A client is experiencing a productive cough, audible coarse crackles, elevated temperature of 102.3°F, chills, and body aches. What did the nurse use to determine that this patient is experiencing respiratory compromise? 1. Deductive reasoning 2. Inductive reasoning 3. Socratic questioning 4. Critical analysis Correct Answer: 1 Rationale 1: Deductive reasoning is reasoning from the general to the specific. The nurse starts with a framework and makes descriptive interpretations of the client’s condition in relation to the framework. Productive cough, crackles, fever, and chills all point to problems with respiratory status. Rationale 2: Inductive reasoning would be making a generalization from a set of facts or observation. In this case, the nurse using inductive reasoning could presume that the client has bronchitis or a bacterial respiratory infection. Rationale 3: Socratic questioning looks beneath the surface and asks questions to come to a conclusion about the situation; that is not what is described in this scenario. Rationale 4: Critical analysis looks beneath the surface and asks questions to come to a conclusion about the situation. Question 6 A client with a PhD in epidemiology has been to numerous physicians and has had numerous laboratory tests, all of which were abnormal, and exploratory surgery, but no one is able to explain the etiology of his problem. The client also states that he has a rare form of a neurological disorder. Which statement should the nurse make that demonstrates critical thinking? 1. “Why don’t you just tell your physician what you think you have?” 2. “Did you bring your prior tests and results with you, so we don’t repeat anything?” 3. “If you know what you have, what do you want from us?” 4. “Describe what tests you’ve had and explain the symptoms of this disorder.” Rationale 4: In critical thinking, the nurse also differentiates statements of fact, inference, judgment, and opinion. The nurse will have to ascertain the accuracy of information and evaluate the credibility of the information sources. Question 7 A nurse educator has always believed that lectures with focused outlines are the best way to present theory content in class. A colleague, who teaches the same group of students, but a different subject, utilizes group work and in-class activities to teach difficult content and finds that students perform as well, or better, on their tests. The first educator in this situation is starting to rethink her position. What behavior is the first educator demonstrating? 1. Integrity 2. Perseverance 3. Fair-mindedness 4. Humility Correct Answer: 1 Rationale 1: Intellectual integrity requires that individuals apply the same rigorous standards of proof to their own knowledge and beliefs as they apply to the knowledge and beliefs of others. Trying new [Show More]

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